RBSE Class 7 Social Science Important Questions History Chapter 4 The Mughal Empire

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 7 Social Science Important Questions History Chapter 4 The Mughal Empire Important Questions and Answers. 

RBSE Class 7 Social Science Important Questions History Chapter 4 The Mughal Empire

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. 
From which dynasty Genghis Khan belonged to:
(a) Mongol 
(b) Slave
(c) Lodi 
(d) Sayyaid
Answer:
(a) Mongol 

 

Question 2. 
The first Mughal emperor was:
(a) Jahangir 
(b) Shah Jahan
(c) Babin
(d) Akbar
Answer:
(c) Babin

Question 3. 
Name of Akbar’s revenue minister was:
(a) Bair am Khan 
(b) Todar Mai
(c) Abul Fazl 
(d) Shah Jahan
Answer:
(b) Todar Mai

Question 4. 
Akbamama was written by:
(a) Abul Fazl
(b) Todar Mai
(c) Muhammad Gouri
(d) Birbal
Answer:
(a) Abul Fazl

Question 5. 
Who introduced Mansabdari?
(a) Shah Jahan 
(b) Birbal 
(c)TodarMal
(d) Akbar
Answer: 
(d) Akbar

Fill in the blanks

Question 1. 
The Mughals were proud of their .............. ancestry.
Answer:
Timurid

Question 2. 
Akbar was .............. years old when he became emperor.
Answer:
13

Question 3. 
The mother of Jahangir was a, .............. princess.
Answer:
Kachhwaha

Question 4. 
Humayun recaptured Delhi in 1555 with the help of ..............  
Answer:
Safavid Shah

Question 5. 
The Mughals did not believe in the .............. for succession.
Answer: 
primogeniture 

True/False

Question 1. 
After the death of Mirza Hakim, Akbar captured Qandahar.
Answer: 
False

Question 2. 
Humayun divided his inheritance according to the will of his father.
Answer: 
True

Question 3. 
Those who joined Mughal service were enrolled as mansabdars.
Answer: 
True

Question 4. 
Akbar’s revenue minister was AbulFazl.
Answer: 
False

Question 5. 
Aurangzeb followed the idea of sulh-i- kul.
Answer: 
False

Match the column

I	II
1. Mother of Shah	(a) Rank
2. Jahan Mansab	(b) Rathor
3. Sisodiya Rajputs	(c) princess 1556-1605
4. Bakhshi	(d) Mewar
5. Akbar	(e) Military pay
6. Firearms	(f) master Babur

Answer:

I	II
1. Mother of Shah	(b) Rathor
2. Jahan Mansab	(a) Rank
3. Sisodiya Rajputs	(d) Mewar
4. Bakhshi	(e) Military pay
5. Akbar	(c) princess 1556-1605
6. Firearms	(c) princess 1556-1605

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
It was difficult to rule over the Indian subcontinent’. Mention the reason.
Answer: 
It was difficult to rule over the vast territory of Indian subcontinent due to the diversity of people and culture in the middle ages.

Question 2. 
State the importance of the fled Fort in Delhi in modern context.
Answer: 
Today the Prime Minister of India addresses the country on Independence day from the Red Fort.

Question 3. 
Who were the Mughals?
Answer:
The Mughals belonged to Genghis Khan from their mother’s side. They belonged to Timur from their father’s side.

Question 4. 
Who was Genghis Khan?
Answer: 
Genghis Khan was the Mongol ruler who ruled over parts of China and central Asia.

Question 5. 
What were the reasons for Babur’s success in the ‘First battle of Panipat’? Give any one.
Answer: 
The reason was:
Strong artillery which was a new introduction in the Indian army and a well trained cavalry.

Question 6. 
Who were mansabdars?
Answer: 
Mansab means ‘office’ or ‘Rank of dignity^. Each officer or noble was given a mansab (rank) and he was called a mansabdar.

Question 7. 
How did mansabdars get their salaries?
Answer: 
The Mughal mansabdars were the highest paid officers. They received their salaries as revenue assignments called jagirs.

Question 8. 
Who was Akbar’s revenue minister?
Answer: 
Todar Mai.

Question 9. 
In which areas ‘Zabt’ system was prevalent and the areas where ‘Zabt’ was not possible?
Answer: 
It was prevalent in those areas where the Mughals administrators could survey the land and keep accounts. It was not possible in Gujarat and Bengal.

Question 10. 
Mention any one factors led to revolts of peasants and zamindars.
Answer: 
(i) In some areas, the Zamindars had a great deal of power. The exploitation by the Mughal administrators led them into rebellious attitude.

Question 11. 
Who wrote Akbarnama?
Answer: 
Abul Fazl wrote Akbarnama.

Question 12. 
Name the last volume of Akbarnama.
Answer: 
The Ain-i-Akbari. 

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Describe the relations of the Mughals with other rulers.
Answer: 
The Mughals became powerful because so many other rulers joined their hands with them. The Mughals had to fight against the rulers who did not accept their authority. Some Mughal rulers like Akbar and Jahangir adopted the policy of matrimonial alliance with the Rajputs. Many of the Rajputs married their daughters into Mughal families and got high positions.

Question 2. 
How did the Mughals extend their influence over many kings and chieftains?
Answer: 
Many Rajputs like Sisodiya Rajputs of Mewar did not accept the1 authority of Mughals. They were defeated by the Mughals. The Mughals treated them honorably and returned them their land as assignments. The remarkable thing of the Mughals was that they did not humiliate their opponents after defeat. This unique behaviour created their influence over kings and chieftains.

Question 3. 
State the beginning of the Mughal succession over the Indian suh-continent.
Answer: 
The Mughals created a vast empire and ruled it for a long time. The founder of the Mughal dynasty was Babur. From the later half of the 16th century, they expanded their kingdom from Agra and Delhi. Upto 17th century, they controlled nearly the entire subcontinent. They laid the foundation of administration and ideas of governance.

Question 4. 
What do you understand by ‘Zat ranking’?
Answer: 
Zat Ranking: The rank and salary of mansabdars were decided by a numerical value known as ‘Zat’. The higher the Zat then more respectable position in the court of Mughals and higher the salary. In Akbar’s reign, there were 29 mansabdars with a rank of5000 Zat, it increased 79 by the time period of Aurangzeb. In short, ‘Zat’ was a number which was a symbol of the rank or status of a mansabdar in the Army system of the Mughals. -

Question 5.
Give an account of Mughal emperor Babur.
Answer: 
Babur [1526-1530]
Babur was the first Mughal emperor who ascended the throne of Ferghana in 1494, when he was only 12 years old. Babur’s enemies forced him to leave his ancestral throne. In 1504, he seized Kabul and became its rider.
In 1526, he defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the battle of Panipat and captured Delhi and Agra. This was the beginning of the Mughal rule. In 1527, he defeated Rana Sanga. In 1528, he defeated Rajputs in the battle of Chanderi. Before his death, he had established effective control over Agra and Delhi. He died in 1530.

Question 6. 
Illustrate the problems regarding the jagirs assigned to mansabdars. 
Answer: 
Earlier, during the reign of Akbar, the collection of revenue was roughly equal to the salary of the mansabdar, but it was opposite in the reign of Aurangzeb, means revenue collected was less than the salary. Number of mansabdars increased therefore they had to wait a long to get a Jagirs. As a result, mansabdars tried to collect as much revenue as they could till they had Jagir. Consequently, the peasants suffered badly.

Question 7. 
What was ‘Zabt’?
Answer: 
Akbar paid great attention to the land revenue system. His revenue minister, Todar Mai made a survey of prices, crop production and the area under cultivation for ten years (period from 1570 to 1580). On the basis of survey, tax was fixed on each crop in cash. Each province was divided into revenue circles with its own schedule of revenue rates for individual crops. This system was known as Zabt. It was prevalent in those areas where the Mughal administrators could survey the land and keep careful accounts.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Explain the “Mansabdari system’. Discuss the duties of mansabdars.
Answer: 
The Mansabdari system:

1. It was introduced by Mughal emperor Akbar.
2. Mansab means ‘office’ or ‘Rank of dignity’.
3. Each officer was provided a mansab (rank) and he was known as mansabdar.
4. It was a grading system which was used by the Mughals to fix-rank, salary, military responsibilities.
5. The rank and salary of a mansabdars were decided by a numerical value called Zat.
6. The mansabdars had to maintain their armies according to the rank.
7. Mansabdars received their salaries as revenue assignment called Jagirs.
8. Jagirs were given to them to maintain expenses of army and for personal expenditure.
9. It was a unique system.

Duties of Mansabdars: 
Mansabdars performed two types of duties—Civil and Military.
(i) Their military responsibilities meant to maintain a specific number of sawar or cavalrymen according to their mansab (rank).
(ii) Their duties towards cavalrymen were:
(a) to bring them for review,
(b) to get them registered,
(c) to get their horses branded,
(d) to pay them salary.
(iii) Civil responsibilities meant participation in administration work.

Question 2. 
The inequalities, were glaring in the Mughal empire. How? Also enumerate the major causes of the decline of the Mughal Empire.
Answer: 
The documents of the Shah Jahan’s reign shows that the highest ranking mansabdars were only 445 in ir.ambers out of 8000. This was 5.6% of the total number of mansabdars. They received 61.5% of the total revenue collection of the empire as salaries for themselves and their troops. Primary producers i.e., the peasants and the artisans had very little for investment.
The major causes of the decline were:

(i) Mansabdars: The Mughal emperors and the mansabdars spent a large part of their income in purchasing goods that benefited only those artisans and craftsmen who sold these goods. While the producers had very littlte money left behind after paying the land revenue.

(ii) Powerful elites: Wealth and power commanded by the Mughal elite made them a powerful group of people in 17th century.

(iii) New states: As the authority of the Mughal emperor slowly declined, the servants of the Mughal empire came into existence with the new states like- Hyderabad and Awadh

(iv) Other reasons: Besides the above reasons, Nadir Shah’s invasion, Aurangzeb’s absence during the last 25 years because of the Deccan campaign were also responsible for the decline of the Mughal empire.