RBSE Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Economics Chapter 1 Development

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Economics Chapter 1 Development Important Questions and Answers. 

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Economics Chapter 1 Development

Objective Type Questions 

Question 1. 
How can we compare various countries or states and how can we measure them in a better manner?
(a) National income 
(b) Per capita income 
(c) Availability of food
(d) Availability of energy 
Answer:
(b) Per capita income

Question 2. 
The aim of economic development is-
(a) Regular work 
(b) Better wages 
(c) Freedom
(d) All the above. 
Answer:
(d) All the above.

Question 3. 
The classification of nations by World Bank is done on the basis of-
(a) Per capita income 
(b) National income
(c) Food availability 
(d) All the above. 
Answer:
(a) Per capita income

Question 4. 
What is the other indicator to measure the development-
(a) Literacy rate 
(b) Health 
(c) Per capita income
(d) All the above 
Answer:
(d) All the above

Question 5. 
On the basis of Literacy rate, which state is leading in India? 
(a) Rajasthan 
(b) Kerala 
(c) Bihar
(d) Punjab 
Answer:
(b) Kerala

Question 6. 
Which income group countries does India belong to ? 
(a) Very high income group 
(b) High income group 
(c) Middle income group
(d) Low income group 
Answer:
(c) Middle income group

Question 7. 
Which state has higher per capita income for the year 2016-17 ?
(a) Haryana
(b) Kerala 
(c) Bihar
(d) Rajasthan 
Answer:
(a) Haryana

Question 8. 
Which of the following states has the lowest infant mortality rate as of the year 2017 ? 
(a) Bihar 
(b) Madhya Pradesh 
(c) Haryana 
(d) Kerela
Answer:
(d) Kerela

Question 9. 
What is the serial number of India's Human Development Index for the year 2016 ? 
(a) 148
(b) 130 
(c) 76
(d) 12 
Answer:
(b) 130

Question 10. 
Non-renewable resources are-
(a) Crude oil 
(b) Well water 
(c) Forest
(d) All of the above.
Answer:
(a) Crude oil

Fill in the blanks 

1. Different persons can have .............. developmental goals. 
2. For. ................, people look at a mix of goals. 
3. If women are engaged in ............. work, their dignity in the household and society increases. 
4. The average income is also called .................. income. 
5. Consequences of ................. degradation do not respect national or state boundaries.
Answer:
1. different
2. development
3. paid
4. per capita
5.environmental. 

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Write the names of any two indicators of Human Development Index. 
Answer:

1. Education
2. Health. 

Question 2. 
Write any one aim of development. 
Answer:
To increase income.

Question 3. 
Write down any two basis used for comparing states of India.
Answer:

1. Per capita income 
2. Literacy rate. 

Question 4. 
Define national income.
Answer:
National income is the monetary value of all goods and services produced within a nation during the period of one accounting year.

Question 5. 
Which is the better indicator, total income or per capita income, to compare between two nations?
Answer:
Average income/per-capita income is the better indicator.

Question 6. 
What do you mean by per-capita income?
Answer:
Per capita income is calculated by taking national income and dividing it by the total population. 
Formula-Per capita Income

Question 7. 
Give an example of Public facilities.
Answer:
Government Schools.

Question 8. 
Who publishes the human development report?
Answer:
UNDP (United Nations Development Program)

Question 9. 
What do you mean by economic development?
Answer:
Economic development means to provide better living standard to the people.

Question 10. 
What is studied under development?
Answer:
Under development we study the various aims of life and how to achieve them.

Question 11. 
Describe any two questions which are studied under development.
Answer:
(a) What are the necessary things of life? 
(b) How to make life better?

Question 12. 
Describe any two aims of development.
Answer:

1. To maximise income
2. To achieve regular and better employment.

Question 13. 
What are the two ways to present economic growth?
Answer:

1. To increase in gross domestic product
2. To increase per capita income.

Question 14. 
How are the two nations compared?
Answer:
Per capita income and national income are generally used to compare nations.

Question 15. 
What do you understand by sustainable development?
Answer:
It means that development should take place without damaging the environment and the development in the present should not compromise the needs of the future generations.

Question 16. 
Which indicator is used by World Bank in his World Development Report to categories nations ?
Answer:
Per-capita income is used by World Bank in his world development report to categorise nations.

Question 17. 
What do you mean by infant mortality rate?
Answer:
Infant mortality rate is the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year.

Question 18. 
What do you mean by literacy rate?
Answer:
Proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group is called as literacy rate.

Question 19. 
Why is literacy necessary for human development?
Answer:
Literacy increases the human capabilities which leads to human development.

Question 20. 
Name the areas which are required for human development.
Answer:

• Health
• Education
• Equality between male and female.

Question 21. 
Write down any two social aims required by citizens of a nation. 
Answer:

1. Equal treatment
2. Freedom.

Question 22. 
On what basis comparison of various nations are taken place in Human Development Report published by UNDP?
Answer:
According to human development report published by UNDP, Educational level, health status and per capita income are used to compare various nations.

Question 23. 
What is Human Development Index?
Answer:
Human development Index is a index prepared by UNDP on quality of life.

Question 24. 
List out any three aims by the people of a country for development.
Answer:

1. Regular employment
2. To increase in income
3. Freedom and security. 

Short Answer Type Questions (Type-I)

Question 1. 
Explain the importance of Education in development.
Answer:
Education generates technical skills and creates a manpower which suites for improving labour productivity, through which person can be more productive.

So, with the help of education people can earn higher income through which their living standard increases. And it leads to increase in national income.

Question 2. 
What are the main characteristics of development?
Answer:
Following are the main characteristics of development,

• What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may even destructive for the other.
• Combination of various aims are devellopments for the people.
• The major components of development are-increase in income, equality, freedom, security and respect for others.

Question 3. 
Explain the importance of Human Development Index.
Answer:
Following points indicate the importance of human development index

• It indicates the nation's development level.
• It provides us information about life expectancy, literacy and real per capita income.
• It explains that how much the various nations are leading in the direction of human development.

Question 4. 
What aims are required to achieve through development?
Answer:
Through development every one wants to maximise his income. People wants equal treatment, freedom, security and respect from others.

Question 5. 
Which questions are answered in national development ?
Answer:
Can all the thoughts be given equal importance? If the views are contradictory how decisions are to be taken? What would be the line of equality for all? Is there any better way to do work etc.? All these questions are answered in national development.

Question 6. 
How are the various nations/states compared?
Answer:
Comparison between two states or nations is done on the basis of certain specifications. To compare nations their income is an important indicator but average income is taken as better indicator.

Question 7. 
How is average income calculated? List out all those indicators which are used to construct Human Development Index?
Answer:
Average income : Average income is calculated by dividing the total income by population.
Indicators of Human Development Index are-

• Educational standard 
• Health facilities
• Per capita income 
• Gender equality etc. 

Short Answer Type Questions (Type-II) 

Question 1. 
What do you mean by public goods?
Answer:
Money in our pocket cannot buy all the goods and services which are necessary to live life well. We cannot arrange fresh environment, unadulterated goods and medicines, prevention from infectious diseases from our own resources. So government provides these goods collectively. The facilities which are necessary for increasing living standard are known as public goods.

Question 2. 
Explain the concept of sustainable development in your own words.
Answer:
With the process of economic development, the consumption of goods and services are increased in the nation. Sustainable development means that development which should take place without damaging environment, and development of the present should not compromise the needs of future generations. But this is a complex phenomenon. For this we require to combine modern and traditional techniques of production so, that the resources should be left for future generations. New resources are required to be discovered. It promotes environment conservation and ecological balance.

Question 3. 
What is the role of health facilities in economic development?
Answer:
Health facilities play as important role in economic development. For development there should be proper availability of health facilities which result in providing better health to people. A healthy person is skilled and more productive. He is helpful in increasing national and average income. If better health facilities are available, there would be less problem of malnutrition and people will be more productive and affect of diseases will be less.

Question 4. 
What is a Body Mass Index (BMI) ? How is it calculated ?
Answer:
Body Mass Index- To find out if we are properly nourished or not, scientists call Body Mass Index (BMI).

Calculation- This is easy to calculate. Let each student in the class find out his or her weight and height. Take the weight of each student in kilograms (kg). Then, take the height by drawing up a scale on the wall and measuring accurately with the head straight. Convert the height recorded in centimeters into meters. Divide the weight in kg by the square of the height. The number you get is called BMI. Based on BMI table by age a student's BMI could be within the normal range or less than that (underweight) or more (obesity).

Question 5. 
State the main points of the World Banks' World Development Report for the year 2017.
Answer:
The main points of the World Bank's World Development Report for the year 2017 are as following-

• Countries with per capita income of US$ 12,056 per annum and above in 2017, are called rich countries.
• Those with per capita income of US$ 955 or less are called low-income countries.
• India comes in the category of low middle income countries because its per capita income in 2017 was just US$ 1820 per annum.
• The rich countries, excluding countries of Middle East and certain other small counties, are generally called developed countries. 

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
In your point of view, what should be our goals on sustainability of development? Explain.
Answer:
In our point of view, the followings should be our goals for sustainable development :

• The level of development should be same for future generations as it is in the present.
• To emphasize on increase the productivity at present, without reducing the productivity for future generations.
• To conserve environment for future generations.
• To conserve the natural resources so that future generation can enjoy those resources.
• To make best utilization of non-renewable resources and encouraging the use of renewable resources.

Question 2. 
What do you mean by Economic Development? Explain the various goals of development.
Answer:
Economic Development- Economic development means providing better life to people. Under development we study various goals of life and how to achieve them.

Goals of Development-

• Increase in Income The main goal of economic development is to increase national and per capita income.
• Regular Employment and Better Wages- Another important aim of development is to provide opportunities of regular employment and better wages so that people can fulfil their basic necessities of life.
• Equality and Freedom- There should be equal treatment for all the people and all who live in the country should feel secure.
• Educational Development- To develop educational facilities is the important goal of development. Through the development of education human resources can be made more skilled and productive.
• Extension of Health Facilities- The main aim of development is the sufficient development and extension of health facilities. Development of health facilities have positive impact on country's production and income.
• Extension of Public Facilities- The main aim of economic development is to extend public facilities which are helpful in fulfilling collective needs.

Question 3. 
How can we compare the development of various nations or states? Explain in your own words.
Answer:
Specific characteristics should be used to compare economic development of various nations. National income is one of the important indicator of economic development and per capita income is the better indicator of economic development.

Only national and per capita income are not sufficient to compare nations, so there should be other basis of comparison. The various other indicators for comparison of various nations are as follows:

• Real per capita income 
• Employment and better wages 
• Proper price of production 
• Economic and social equality 
• Security 
• Educational facilities 
• Health facilities
• Public facilities 
• Life expectancy etc.

Nations/states can be compared on these basis. On the basis of above indicators, the actual position of states can be acquired. Educational level, health status and per capita income are used by UNDP in his human development report to compare various nations.

Question 4. 
In your point of view, which is much better measure to compare the development between two states on the basis of educational level? Explain.
Answer:
In our point of view, Human Development Index (HDI) is much better measure to compare the development between two states on the basis of educational level.

Human Development Index is prepared by an organization named, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). In this index, health and education indicators are widely used along with income as a measure of development. For instance, Human Development Report published by UNDP compares countries based on the educational levels of the people, their health status and per capita income.

HDI is based on the following indicators :

• Health indicator 
• Education indicators (Literary Rate) 
• Per Capita Income.

In India Kerala has a better human development ranking than Maharashtra inspite of lower per capita income because Kerala's literary rate is much higher than Maharashtra.

Question 5. 
What do you mean by Public facilities? What is the importance of Public facilities?
Answer:
All those things and services which we cannot avail through our resources and which are necessary for better living standard are public facilities. For example, clean environment, unadulterated goods, good health etc. So government provides all these things collectively. 

Importance of Public Facilities-

• Essential needs of the people are fulfilled through public facilities.
• They improve living standard of the people.
• Those people who cannot afford things are provided things and services through public facilities.
• Public facilities are helpful in the development of the nation.
• Educational and Physical development of people are possible through public facilities.
• They are helpful in solving the problems of malnutrition.
• They are helpful in the development of human resources.
• With the help of public facilities, basic facilities are provided to poor people.

Question 6. 
What steps are required to make India a developed nation?
Answer:
Following steps are required to convert India into a developed nation

• Government should emphasize on development of agricultural and industrial sector so that national income and per capita income will increase.
• To develop human resources we are required to increase educational and health facilities so that human resources can be made productive.
• We are required to take steps for the removal of poverty and unemployment.
• Public distribution system should be made strong so that basic needs of people can be fulfilled and the problem of malnutrition be solved.
• For the development of India we should increase public facilities.
• We are required to develop infrastructural facilities like transportation, communication, roads, education etc.
• We should remove black marketing, corruption etc.

Question 7. 
In your point of view, which is a better measure to compare development between two countries? Explain.
Answer:
Various measures can be used to compare between two nations but their per-capita income is the most specific indicator for comparison. Usually the nations whose per-capita income is high, are treated more developed than the nations whose per-capita income is less because higher income means consumption of more goods and services by the population.

Average income is taken as better indicator for the comparison between two nations because the population of various nations is different. So proper comparison cannot be possible on the basis of national income.

In this situation per capita income is better indicator to understand development of nation and comparison between two nations. World Bank has also used average income to classify the nations in its World Development Report-2012.

Question 8. 
In your point of view, which level and type of development is sustainable? Explain.
Answer:
According to us the level of development, which may be high or low but with the development of present also take care of future generation is sustainable. Sustainable development emphasizes on development of future generations without compromising the needs of present generation. It includes environment conservation or it is sustaining the environment for future generations. 

Natural resources should be used in a manner that they should be sufficient for future generation. It emphasize on the combination of traditional & modern techniques which make the best utilization of resources and the wastage is minimum, so we can maintain the level of development of present generation and sustain resources for future generation.