RBSE Class 8 Social Science Notes History Chapter 9 The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947

These comprehensive RBSE Class 8 Social Science Notes History Chapter 9 The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947 will give a brief overview of all the concepts.

RBSE Class 8 Social Science Notes History Chapter 9 The Making of the National Movement: 1870s–1947

→ Nationalist consciousness was deeply visible in political associations formed after 1870. The dissatisfaction with British rule intensified in the 1870s and 1880s.

→ The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, the Indian Association, the Madras Mahajan Sabha, the Bombay Presidency Association and the Indian National Congress were the main political associations.

→ The Indian National Congress was established in Bombay in 1885. It has often been said that the congress in the first twenty years was ‘moderate’ in its objectives and methods.

→ Bepin Chandra Pal, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Lala Lajpat Rai were beginning to explore more radical objectives and methods. They criticised the Moderates for their “politics of prayers”, and emphasised the importance of self-reliance and constructive work.

→ In 1905 Viceroy Curzon partitioned Bengal. The partition of Bengal infuriated people all over India.

→ Gandhiji arrived in India in 1915 from South Africa. In 1919 Gandhiji gave a call for a satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act.

→ Gandhiji launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920 which was called off after the Chauri-Chaura incident in 1922.

→ In 1930; Gandhiji started the Civil Disobedience Movement. In April 1930, Gandhiji led a Dandi march to break the salt law.

→ The combined struggles of the Indian people bore fruit when the Government of India Act of 1935 prescribed provincial autonomy.

→ In 1942, Gandhiji launched the Quit India Movement against the British and called the Indian people to “do or die”. The British brutally repressed the Indians, but eventually the British government had to liberate India.

→ Riots spread in various parts of India before independence in which millions of people were killed and crores had to leave and run away from their homes.

→ The country was divided and a new country—Pakistan was bom. So, the joy of our country’s independence from British rule came mixed with the pain and violence of partition.