RBSE Class 8 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

These comprehensive RBSE Class 8 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources will give a brief overview of all the concepts.

RBSE Class 8 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

→ Land: Land is among the most important natural resources. It covers only about thirty per , cent of the total area of the earth’s surface. The uneven distribution of population in different parts of the world is mainly due to varied/characteristics of land and climate.

→ Land use: Land is used for different purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses, roads and setting up of industries. The use of land is determined by physical* factors.

→ Conservation of land resources: Land resources should be conserved to protect various natural resources, for which there are many measures.

→ Soil: The thin layer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth is called soil. Soil is formed by the process of weathering.

→ Factors affecting soil formation: The major factors of soil formation are the nature of the parent rock and climatic factors. Other factors are the topography, role of organic material and time taken for the composition of soil formation.

→ Degradation of soil and conservation measures—Soil erosion and depletion are the major threat to soil as a resource. Some methods of soil conservation are - mulching, contour barriers, rock dam, terrace farming, intercropping, contour ploughing, shelter belts, etc.

→ Water: Water is a vital renewable natural resource and three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water but fresh water is very less.

→ Problems of water availability: In world, fresh water is very less, therefore, there is scarcity of water in many regions of the world.

→ Conservation of water resources: Access to clean and adequate water sources is the major problem feeing the world today, therefore, water conservation is necessary. Water resources should be used very carefully.

→ Natural vegetation and wildlife: Different types of natural vegatation and wildlife are found in our biosphere which are our valuable resources. They have many uses in our lives.

→ Distribution of natural vegetation: Natural vegetation depends on many factors, hence its distribution in the world is uneven.

→ Conservation of natural vegetation and wildlife: Due to increasing population natural vegetation and wildlife have became a threat. It is necessary to conserve them to maintain equilibrium in the environment and ecosystem.