RBSE Class 8 Social Science Important Questions Civics Chapter 8 Confronting Marginalisation

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 8 Social Science Important Questions Civics Chapter 8 Confronting Marginalisation Important Questions and Answers.

RBSE Class 8 Social Science Important Questions Civics Chapter 8 Confronting Marginalisation

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. 
In which Article of the Constitution, untouchability has been abolished
(a) Article 14 
(b) Article 15
(c) Article 16 
(d) Article 17
Answer:
(d) Article 17

Question 2. 
What provision has been used by Dalits to seek equality where it has been denied to them
(a) Article 14 
(b) Article 15
(c) Article 18 
(d) Article 21 
Answer:
(b) Article 15

Question 3. 
Under which section of the Constitution can religious and linguistic minority communities protect their culture
(a) Right to Equality
(b) Right to Freedom
(c) Cultural and Educational Rights
(d) Right against Exploitation 
Answer:
(c) Cultural and Educational Rights

Question 4. 
Which of the following law prohibits the employment of manual scavengers and construction of dry latrines
(a) Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989.
(b) Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993.

Question 5. 
What does ‘cut-off’ means?
(a) To cut
(b) Minimum marks limit for selection
(c) Maximum marks limit for selection
(d) None of the above 
Answer:
(b) Minimum marks limit for selection

Question 6. 
Which of the following are included in a marginalized group
(a) Muslim 
(b) Dalit
(c) Adivasi 
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 7. 
When did the Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act form?
(a) 1989  
(b) 1992 
(c) 1999  
(d) 2002 
Answer:
(a) 1989

Question 8. 
The Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act came into force on
(a) 2 May 1993 
(b) 6 December 2006 
(c) 6 December 2013  
(d) 1 January 2016 
Answer:
(c) 6 December 2013 

Fill in the blanks

Question 1. 
The constitution lays down the principles that make our society and polity....................
Answer:
democratic

Question 2. 
According to Article 17,...................has been abolished.
Answer:
untouchability

Question 3. 
There are specific laws and policies for the...................in our country.
Answer:
marginalized

Question 4. 
According to the Constitution, the land belonging to tribal people cannot be sold to or brought by...................people.
Answer:
non-tribal. 

State True or False

Question 1.
Due to the struggle of marginalized sections, the government has to make new laws in accordance with the spirit of fundamental rights.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Untouchability is now a punishable offense in, India.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Muslims and Parsi communities in India do not have the right to protect their culture.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Social justice has been discouraged by the policy of reservations.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Adivasi activists refer to the 1989 Act to defend their right to occupy land that was traditionally theirs.
Answer:
True

Match Correctly

(a)	(b)
The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Act	1989
Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act	2006
Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act	2013

Answer:

(a)	(b)
The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Act	2006
Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act	2013
Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act	1989

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
What does the word Dalit mean?
Answer: 
The word Dalit means the backward and suppressed community that had suffered discrimination under the caste system for centuries.

Question 2. 
Write the names of any two Articles in the Constitution against untouchability.
Answer: 

1. Article 15 and 
2. Article 17.

Question 3. 
What is the purpose of cultural and educational Fundamental Rights given in the Constitution?
Answer: 
The objective of this Fundamental Right is that the culture of a minority group should neither be dominated nor destroyed by the culture of the majority community. 

Question 4. 
Who are assertive?
Answer: 
An assertive person or group is one that can express themselves and their views strongly.

Question 5. 
What is meant by morally reprehensible? 
Answer: 
Morally reprehensible refers to an act that violates all norms of decency and dignity that society believes in. It usually refers to a hideous and repugnant act that goes against all the values that society has accepted. 

Question 6. 
Why the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 was passed?
Answer: 
This Act was meant to undo the historical injustices meted out to forest-dwelling populations is not recognizing their rights to land and resources.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
How the marginalized sections have exercised Fundamental Rights in India? 
Answer: 
The marginalized have drawn these rights in two ways:
first, by insisting on their Fundamental Rights, they have forced the government to recognize the injustice done to them. Second, they have insisted that the government enforce these laws. In some instances, the struggles of the marginalized have influenced the government to frame new laws, in keeping with the spirit of the Fundamental Rights.

Question 2. 
What policies does the government implement to promote social justice?
Answer: 
As part of their effort to implement the Constitution, both state and central governments create specific schemes for implementation in tribal areas or in areas that have a high Dalit population. For example, the government provides free or subsidized hostels for students of Dalit and Adivasi communities so that they can avail of education facilities that may not be available in their localities. In addition to providing certain facilities, the government also operates through the law to ensure that concrete steps are taken to end inequality in the system The reservation policy is one such important policy.

Question 3. 
How does the reservation policy work?
Answer: 
Governments across India have their own list of Scheduled Castes (or Dalits), Scheduled Tribes, and backward and most backward castes. The central government too has its list. Students applying to educational institutions and those applying for posts in government are expected to furnish proof of their caste or tribe status, in the form of caste and tribe certificates. If a particular Dalit caste or a certain tribe is on the government list, then a candidate from that case or tribe can avail of the benefit of reservation.

Question 4. 
Briefly explain the background of the formation of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989.
Answer: 
This Act was framed in 1989 in response to demands made by Dalits and others that the government must take seriously the ill-treatment and humiliation Dalits and tribal groups face in an everyday sense. During this period, in parts of southern India, a number of assertive Dalit groups came into being, and asserted their rights - they refused to perform their so-called caste duties and insisted on being treated equally. Dalit groups demanded new laws that would list the various sorts of violence against Dalits and prescribe stringent punishment for those who indulge in them This law was enacted against this background.

Question 5. 
Explain the main provisions of the law of the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006.
Answer: 
The preamble of this law states that this law has been passed to remove the historical injustices meted out to forest-dwelling populations is not recognizing their rights to land and resources.
Main Provisions:

1. This Act recognizes their right to homestead, cultivable and grazing land and to non-timber forest produce.
2. The Act also points out that the right of forest dwellers includes the conservation of forests and biodiversity.

Question 6. 
How are the governments of various states displacing tribals, in violation of Constitutional law? 
Answer: 
Constitutionally, the land of tribals cannot be sold to a non-tribal person. But the governments of various states are violating this constitutional law of the tribals. These governments allow non-tribal encroachers in the form of timber merchants, paper mills, etc., to exploit tribal land, and forcibly evict tribal people from their traditional forests in the process of declaring forests as reserved or as sanctuaries.

Question 7. 
What the government should do for the displaced tribals?
Answer: 
In cases where tribals have already been evicted and cannot go back to their lands, they must be compensated. That is, the government must draw up plans and policies for them to live and work elsewhere. After all, governments spend large sums of money on building industrial or other projects on lands taken from tribals - so why should they be reluctant to spend even very modest amounts on rehabilitating the displaced. 

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Mention the major provisions of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act of 1989. 
Answer: 
The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act of 1989—This Act was framed in 1989 in response to the demands of Dalits and other communities. This Act contains a very long list of crimes, some of which are too horrible even to contemplate. This law punishes the culprit, citing various types of crimes and dreadful deeds of the culprit. The Act distinguishes several levels of crime. As:
(1) It lists modes of humiliation that are both physically horrific and morally reprehensible and seeks to punish those who (i) force a member of a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe to drink or eat any inedible or obnoxious substance, (iii) forcibly removes clothes from the person of a member of a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe or parades him or her naked or with painted face or body or commits any similar act which is derogatory to human dignity.

(2) It lists actions that dispossess Dalits and Adivasis of their meager resources or which force them into performing slave labor. Thus, the Act sets out to punish anyone who (iv) wrongfully occupies or cultivates any land owned by, or allotted to, a member of a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe or gets the land allotted to him transferred;

(3) The Act recognizes that crimes against Dalit and tribal women are of a specific kind and, therefore, seeks to penalize anyone who (xi) assaults or uses force on any woman belonging to a Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe with intent to dishonor her.

(4) Adivasi activists refer to this law to defend their right to occupy land that was traditionally theirs.