RBSE Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

Rajasthan Board RBSE Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

RBSE Class 9 Social Science Solutions History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

RBSE Class 9 Social Science Nazism and the Rise of Hitler InText Questions and Answers

Page No. 61
Activity 1

Read Sources A and B
Question 1
What do they tell you about Hitler’s imperial ambition?
Answer:

• The presented text proves that Hitler had high imperial ambition.
• He wanted to expand the boundaries of his country to infinite.
• Hitler believed that a vigorous nation would always find ways of adapting its territory to its population size.
• Hitler also wished to put Germany as a world power.
• He glorified war.

Question 2 
What do you think Mahatma Gandhi would have said to Hitler about these ideas?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi would have advised Hitler to give up violence, as violence begets violence. He would have explained his whole philosophy of race and non-violence.

Page No. 63
Activity 2

Question 3
What does citizenship mean to you? Look at the Chapter 1 and 3 and write 200 words on how the French Revolution and Nazism defined citizenship. 
Answer:
Citizenship means the right of a person to live in the desired country or the country of his birth. Both French Revolution and Nazism defined citizenship in different ways having different perspectives. French Revolution considered that all men are bom equal and are to remain free with equal rights. All men have right to life and equality before law. The primary rights of a citizen are the rights of liberty, property, security and resistance to oppression. 

A person is free to express his views and settle wherever he wants. There should be rule of law and no one can stand above it in a democratic and socialist society. On the other hand, Nazis defined citizenship exclusively with the perspective of racial discrimination. Therefore, they did not consider Jews and other ‘undesirable’ population as citizens of Germany. Instead, they were given a harsh treatment and were excluded from Germany. Later, they were hunted out of Germany to neighbouring Poland and Eastern Europe.

Question 4.
What did the Nuremberg Laws mean to the ‘undesirables’ in Nazi Germany? What other legal measurers were taken against them to make them feel unwanted?
Answer:
The Nuremberg Laws meant that the ‘undesirables’ had no right to five among ‘desirables’ as citizens. The Nuremberg Laws of Citizenship (1935) were as under :

1. Only German people or related blood would henceforth be German citizens that would enjoy the protection of the German Empire.
2. Marriages between Jews and Germans were forbidden.
3. Extramarital relations between Jews and Germans became a crime.
4. Jews were forbidden to fly the national flag.

Other legal measures included:

1. Boycott of Jewish business.
2. Expulsion from government services.
3. Forced selling and confiscation of their properties.

Page No. 69
Activity 3 

Question 5.
 How would you have reacted to Hitler’s ideas if you were:
(i) A Jewish woman
(ii) A non-Jewish German woman
Answer:
(i) A Jewish woman: Had I been a Jewish woman, I would have publically condemned Hitler’s ideas. I would have pleaded for a safe way to shelter homes and tried to earn my livelihood.

(ii) A non-Jewish German woman: If I were a non-Jewish German woman, I would have lived happily and adopted the idea of giving birth to as many children as possible. I would have helped the victims of Nazi persecution. 

Page No. 69
Activity 4

Question 6.
What do you think this poster is trying to depict?
Answer:
This poster is making fun of a man who is trying to control himself from falling off the sack of money. I think this poster humiliates the Jew.

Page No. 70
Activity 5

Look at above fingures 29 and 30 and Answer the following:

Question 7.
What do they tell us about Nazi propoganda? How are the Nazis trying to mobilise different sections of the population?
Answer:
These posters are trying to get the favour of two very important working classes- The farmers and the workers as they are the Nazi posters and he is trying to earn the favour of working classes.

Page No. 71
Activity 6

Question 8.
Why does Ema Kranz say, 1 could only say for myself? How do you view her opinion?
Answer:
EmaKranz said, Tcouldonly say formyself. This isbecause,shewastellingherpersonal experiences of revival of the economy during the 1930s in Germany. She was not sure of the general conditions prevailing at that time, and how they affected the whole society.

Page No. 74
Activity 7

Question 9.
Write in one page history of Germany.
(i) as a schoolchild in Nazi Germany 
(ii) as a Jewish survivor of a concentration camp 
(iii) as a political opponent of the Nazi regime
Answer:
(i) History of Germany (as a school child in Nazi Germany): 
As a school child in Nazi Germany I have been conditioned to behave in a specific manner. We boys were taught to be aggressive, masculine and steel hearted. The school children were segregated. We had to read specialised text books on Nazism. I havebeen told that after the completion ofmy school, IhadtojointheHitler Youth Organisation. This will be followed by military service which is compulsory. 

(ii) History of Germany (as a Jewish survivor of a concentration camp): 
I have left behind the concentration camp. But the atrocities that I suffered there still hound me. They have made my life miserable. Even in my dreams I am uncomfortable and die hundred times. I would do a great injustice to my companions outside of concentration camps if I didn’t reveal the reality of atrocities and sufferings that we underwent. 

The Jews were hated outside the concentration camps. They were beaten, captured, imprisoned when they were outside the concentration camps. But inside the concentration camps, they were sent to gas chambers or so called ‘disinfection areas’ just to kiss an unavoidable death.

(iii) History of Germany (as a political opponent of the Nazi regime): 
Nazi regime is based on the hollow and weak legs of propaganda. Through the policy of occupying new land and political wars, nothing can be achieved. This will never result in long-lasting peace and prosperity of GermAnswer:Nazi’s have obtained power but they are making life hell of other people. Hitler has policy of aggression towards other countries. It will surely cause war with them. Nothing can be acquired through violence. Countries will be against Hitler due to his policies.

Question 2.
 Imagine that you are Helmuth. You have had many Jewish friends in school and do not believe that Jews are bad. Write a paragraph on what you would say to'your father.
Answer:
"I am Helmuth" My father is Nazi and staunch supporter of Hitler. He supports suppression of Jews. Therefore I will ask my father to stop giving his support to nazis. After all, what crime has the jews committed for which they are being murdered? I feel ashamed if any one of us is murderer and support-nazi regime. Why they are doing this? Why they are being murdered illegally. My jewish friend is not being treated well in schools. Their seating arrengment is seperate from us. They are being expelled from school. 

Are they not human like us? Don’t they have feeling like us? You can imagine what would happen if some one left me to die in gas chamber. Wouldn't the-jewish parents have suffer like us. Their only mistake is that they are jewish, so is it crime to be jewish? If so, then what should be the punishment for the crime that Christians are doing? Have we thought about this? This atrocity by Nazis is crime against humanity which even the lord Jesus will not forgive. 

RBSE Class 9 Social Science Nazism and the Rise of Hitler Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
 Describe the problems faced by the Weimar Republic.
Answer:
 (i) The defeat of Imperial Germany and the abdication of the emperor gave an opportunity to parliamentary parties to recast German polity. A National Assembly met at Weimar and established a democratic constitution with a federal structure. This republic, however was not accepted by the Germans because they hold this government responsible for accepting the humiliating treaty of varsailles.

(ii) The Versailles Peace Treaty at the end of First World War dispossessed Germany of its overseas colonies, 13% of its territories, 75% of its iron and 26% of its coal to France, Poland, Denmark and Lithuania. Germany had to pay 6 billion pounds as war compensation. 

(iii) Germany was financially crippled because it had fought the war largely on loans and had to pay war reparations in gold. This depleted gold reserves. In 1923 Germany refused to pay, and the French occupied its leading industrial area, Ruhr, to claim their coal. Germany retaliated with passive resistance and printed paper currency. With too much paper currency in circulation the value of German mark fell.

(iv) German Economy was badly hit by Great Depression. Workers lost their jobs. The economic crisis created deep anxiety and fears in people.

(v) Weimar Republic was politically fragile. The Weimar constitution had some inherent defects, which made it unstable and vulnerable to dictatorship. One was proportional representation. Another defect was Article 48, which gave the president the power to impose emergency, suspend civil rights and rule by decree within its short life, the Weimar Republic saw twenty different cabinets lasting on an average 239 days. Crisis could not be managed. People lost confidence in the democratic parliamentary system, which seemed to offer no solution.

Question 2. 
Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930.
Answer:
Some of the main reasons for the rise of Nazism in Germany are listed below :

(i) The crisis in the economy, polity and society formed the background to Nazi’s rise to power.

(ii) Germany was defeated in the First World War and forced to sign the humiliating Treaty of Versailles. As a result, many German territories and colonies were lost and it faced a huge military and financial loss. People were very discontented by all these events and they wanted to ' restore the old German prestige.

(iii) Nazism became a mass movement during the period of Great Depression. During this period, banks collapsed and businesses shut down, workers lost their jobs and the middle class was threatened with destitution. In such a situation, Nazi propaganda raised hope of a better future.
 
 (iv) Hitler was a powerful orator. His passion and words moved people. He promised to build a strong nation, undo the injustice of the Versailles Treaty and restore the dignity of the general people. 
 
 (v) Hitler also promised employment for those seeking for jobs and a secure future for the youth. The charismatic personality and oratorical skills of Hitler contributed the most to popularise Nazism in Germany.

(vi) The Nazis held the Weimar government responsible for the miseries of the German People. It failed to provide a stable Government.

(vii) The Great Depression (1929-32) of the world worsened the situation of Germany leading to inflation and unemployment. The Nazis exploited the miseries of the Germans.

Question 3. 
What are the peculiar features of Nazi thinking?

Question 4. 
Explain why Nazi propaganda was effective in creating a hatred for Jews.
Answer:
(i). Nazi’s hatred of Jews had a precursor in the traditional Christian hostility towards Jews. They had been stereotyped as killers of Christ and usurers. Until medieval times, Jews were barred from owning land. However, Hitler’s hatred of Jews was based on pseudoscientific theories of race, which held that conversion was no solution to “the Jewish problem’. It could be solved only through their total elimination.

(ii) The Nazis injected their hatred against Jews from the very beginning right from the school. The German children were not allowed to sit or play with the Jewish children. The Jews teachers were dismissed from theschools. School text-books were rewritten with the introduction of Racial Science to justify Nazi ideas of race. Images of jews were stereotyped; mocked and abused.

(iii) Media was used carefully to obtain support for the Nazi regime and create hatred for Jews. Propaganda films were, made for this purpose. One of such infamous films was The Eternal Jews’.

Question 5.
 Explain what role women had in Nazi society. Return to Chapter 1 on the French Revolution. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the role of women in the two periods.
Answer:
In Nazi society women were radically different from men. Girls in Nazi society had limited role. They were told that they had to become good mothers and rear-blooded Aryan children. Girls had to maintain the purity of race, distance themselves from Jews, look after home, and teach their children Nazi values. They had to be the bearer of the Aryan culture and race. In Nazi Germany all mothers were not treated equally. Women who bore racially undesirable children were punished and those who produced racially desirable children were awarded. 

To encourage women to produce many children, Honour crosses were awarded. All 'Aryans' women who deviated from the prescribed code of conduct were publically condemned and punished. Both (luring the Nazi Germany and French revolution, women formed the deprived and unpriviledged section of society. They had no political rights. They had no access to education. They had no freedom to choose their lifepartners. Their only role was to look after their families and children. Unlike the German women, French women were more powerful. French women played major role during French revolution. 

They actively participated in the events which brought important changes in French society. In order to discuss and voice their interests women started their own political dubs and newspaper. Main demand of French women was that they should enjoy the same political rights as men. They demanded the right to vote, to be elected to the Assembly and to hold political office. Due to their continuous struggle they finally won the right to vote in 1946. Unlike France, Nazi women had no freedom of expression, assodation and speech. They were only considered as bearers of Aryan culture and race.

Question 6. 
In what ways did the Nazi State seek to establish total control over its people? ,
Answer:
(i) On 30 January, 1933 Hitler was being offered the chancellorship, the highest position in the cabinet of minister. After acquiring the power Hitler dismantled the structure of democratic rule.

(ii) The fire decree of 28 February, 1933 indefinitely suspended civic rights like freedom of speech, press and assembly that had been guaranteed by' the Weimar constitution.

(iii) Then repression of the communists started which was severe.

(iv) On 3 March 1933, the famous enabling act was passed. This act established dictotorship in Germany. It gave Hitler all powers to sideline parliament and rule by decree. All political parties and trade unions were banned except for the Nazi party and its affiliates. The state established complete control over the economy, media, army and judiciary.

(v) Special surveillance and security forces were created to control and order society in ways that Nazis wanted.

(vi) Apart from the already existing regular police in green uniform and the SA or the Storm Troopers, these included the Gestapo, the SS, criminal police and security service. It was the extra constitutional powers of these newly organised forces that gave the Nazi state its reputation as the most dreaded criminal state. The police forces acquired powers to rule with impunity.