RBSE Class 11 Political Science Notes Chapter 10 Development

These comprehensive RBSE Class 11 Political Science Notes Chapter 10 Development will give a brief overview of all the concepts.

RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 10 Notes Development

→ Meaning of Development
Development is a process of improving the well-being of the people. It is about raising the standard of living of the people, improving their education and health. Development conveys the ideas of growth, progress, well-being and an aspiration for a better life.

• According to Colm and Geiger, development means change plus growth.
• Weidner defines it as a process of growth “In the direction of modernity and particularly in the direction of nation-building and socio-economic progress.”

→ Lucian W. Pye's concept of political development
Lucian Pye is the pioneer among the earlier batch of writers “to analyse the concept of development in depth, and has kept on evolving his ideas on the subject, and has left an abiding impression on the entire literature of political development”. Instead of going ahead to give his own explanation of political development that includes some elements of all the diverse definitions and interpretations that coming to his own interpretation.

Pye virtually set a new standard in 1963 when he defined political development in terms of cultural diffusion, and of adapting, fusing and adjusting old patterns of life to new demands. It means that political development is a phenomenon that is sought to be brought about by certain nations after having seen its model in other countries. It implies adaptation, adjustment and reshaping of old patterns of life to new ones. He holds that the first step towards political development was the evolution of the nation-state system which he treated as a “basic concept supporting the gradual diffusion throughout all societies of what we might call a world culture.”

→ Meaning of Political Development
The concept of Political Development is the post-World War II phenomenon. Political development closely refers to a process of organic change in the nature of political institutions. Development in general means the process of cumulative change and growth. So Political Development, in particular, refers to this process of change and growth in political sphere.

• Rostow and Pye hold that political development aims at “National”, Political unity and broadening of the base of political participation.
• Hugan regards political development as the “growth of institutions and practices that allow a political system to deal with its own fundamental problems more effectively in short run while working towards more responsiveness of the regime to popular demands in the long run.”

→ Different Dimensions of Development

• Political Development
• Economic Development
• Social Development
• Administrative Development

→ Goals of Development

• Fulfilment of Minimum Needs
• To Remove Poverty and Unemployment
• Development of Natural Resources
• High Rate of growth
• Self-Dependency
• Welfare functions of Society
• Development through Democratic method.

→ Growth Vs. Development
Growth refers to increase in physical aspects of the organisation. Growth is structural, quantitative and cellular. Growth stops when the organisation reaches the stage of maturity. It also brings change in structure and influences the process of development. Development is functional, qualitative and organisational. It is a life long process. It occurs without growth also and also involves changes from origin to maturity. Growth also includes measures of economic performance, e.g., income, expenditure and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), whereas development can be linked with holistic welfare of humanist society.