RBSE Class 11 Political Science Important Questions Chapter 5 Rights

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 11 Political Science Important Questions Chapter 5 Rights Important Questions and Answers. 

RBSE Class 11 Political Science Important Questions Chapter 5 Rights

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
What do you mean by the Rights? 
Answer: 
A man needs some facilities for his development. These facilities are called the rights. 

 

Question 2. 
Write down a definition of rights.
Answer:
According to Bosanquet, “A right is a claim recognised by society and enforced by state.”
 
Question 3. 
Describe an important element of the right.
Answer: 
Rights are recognised by society and enforced by state.

Question 4. 
Mention any one feature of the frights.
Answer: 
A right is a claim of independence of a person to do any work. He gets it in society. The demand for facilities is called a right.

Question 5. 
How many kinds of rights are there?
Answer: 

1. Natural Rights
2. Moral Rights
3. Legal Rights.

Question 6. 
What are Natural Rights?
Answer: 
Natural Rights are those rights which a man gets from nature and which cannot be abolished by the state.

Fill in the blank:

Question 7. 
Rights and are closely related to each other.
Answer: 
Duties. Correct and Rewrite the Sentence:

Question 8. 
Right to Property is a Political Right.
Answer: 
Right to Property is an Economic Right. Complete the Sentence:

Question 9. 
Right to contest election is.
Answer: 
Right to contest election is a Political Right.

Question 10. 
Who said that, "A Right is a claim recognised by society and enforced by the state.
Answer: 
Bosanquet.

Multiple-Choice Questions

Choose the Correct Answers :
1. Who said, “Rights are those conditions of social life without which no man can seek to be himself at his best”?
(a) Austin 
(b) Wilde
(c) Green 
(d) Laski.
Answer: 
(d) Laski.

2. Natural Rights are those which are given to us by :
(a) Constitution 
(b) Parliament
(c) God or Nature 
(d) King.
Answer: 
(c) God or Nature 

3. Civil Rights are given to the Individual by :
(a) Nature 
(b) God
(c) The state 
(d) The people.
Answer: 
(c) The state 

4. What is the force behind Legal Rights?
(a) Force of public opinion
(b) Force of morality
(c) Force of law
(d) Force of nature.
Answer: 
(c) Force of law
 
Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain the meaning of rights.
Answer: 
Rights are those conditions of social life without which human personality cannot develop. The rights are recognised by the state. According to Bosanquet, “A right is a claim recognised by society and enforced by the state.

Question 2. 
Distinguish between rights and claims.
Answer:
Rights are claims recognised by the society and enforced by law and state. Without recognition, rights are empty claims. Each and every claim of an individual cannot be termed as right.

Question 3. 
Explain any two socio-economic rights.
Answer: 
1. Right to freedom in domestic affairs. The citizens should be given freedom in their domestic affairs. The state should not interfere in the personal life of the individuals. The state cannot prescribe a particular dress and model for the people.

2. Right to adequate wages. The citizens must be given such wages that will enable them to maintain, at least, the minimum standard of living. If the workers do not get adequate wages for their work, they cannot improve their standard of living.

Question 4. 
How are Rights and Duties A interrelated? Give two examples.
0r
“Right implies duty”. Explain. {Imp.)
Answer: Rights and Duties are two sides of the same coin. Rights and duties go side by side.

1. One’s right is another’s duty. A right belonging to one person imposes a corresponding duty on the others to respect his right. For instance, an individual’s right to property implies that it is the duty of others not to take away or steal his property without his consent.

2. One’s right is one’s duty also. A right is at the same time a duty. If an individual enjoys a right, it must be remembered that the same right belongs to all other individuals. Therefore, it is his duty not to interfere in the enjoyment to other’s rights.

Question 5. 
Explain the role of education in the development of Human personality. 
Answer: 
Education plays a very significant role in the development of human personality because : 

1. Education fills a person with knowledge and gives him confidence.
2. Education broadens individual’s outlook towards life.
3. Education awakens individuals towards their rights and duties.
4. Education gives individual a sense of judgement.

Question 6. 
Illustrate by giving two examples that my rights are your duties and vice-versa.
Answer: 

1. If I have the right to property, then it is the duty of another person not to damage my property and if the other person has the right to property, then it is my duty not to damage or steal away his property.
2. If I have the right to life, then it is the duty of another person not to interfere in my life and enjoyment. Same duty also belongs to me towards my fellow beings.

Question 7. 
What do you understand by Economic rights?
Answer: 
Economic rights are those which are essential for the economic development of an individual. In Communist countries, economic rights are the part of legal rights.

Short Answer Type Questions 

Question 1. 
Define Rights. Mention any two economic rights.
Answer: 
Rights are those conditions of social life without which human personality cannot develop.
1. According to Wilde, “A right is a reasonable claim to freedom in the exercise of certain activities.”

2. According to T.H. Green, “Rights are those powers which are necessary to the fulfilment of men’s vocation as moral being.”

3. According to Laski, “Rights are those conditions of social life without which no man can seek to be himself at his best.”

Two Economic Rights. See Question No. 2.

Question 2. 
Name any four economic rights of a citizen.
Answer: 
The citizens in a Modern State enjoy economic rights for their economic well-being. The most important economic rights of a citizen are as follows :
1. Right to Work. Every citizen enjoys the right to get a job or to take up a profession according to his ability and capacity. It is the duty of the State to provide job to every individual. If the state is unable to provide work to every citizen, it should give monthly allowance.

 
2. Right to get Proper Wages. It is not enough to provide work to each individual, rather they should be given proper wages to make both ends meet.

3. Right to Property. The liberal democratic state recognises the right to property, subject to the limitation that the property may be acquired for public purposes.

4. Right to Economic Security. In the modern welfare state, citizens are granted the right to economic security.

Question 3. 
What do you understand by civil rights? Mention any two such rights.
Answer: 
Civil Rights. Those rights which relate to the protection and enjoyment of life and property of the individual are known as civil rights. Civil rights are regarded as essential to civilised existence. These rights relate to the achievement of man’s highest self-development. They are granted, protected and enforced by the state. The two important civil rights are :

1. Right to Life: It means that the state must afford protection to the individual against all inimical forces.
2. Right to Personal Liberty: It means that an individual must be given the freedom to enjoy his personal life. He must not be interfered with by the laws of the state till he remains within the bounds of law.

Question 4. 
Define the term ‘Duty’. Mention any two legal and two moral duties.
Answer: 
A duty is an obligation. A man is said to have a duty in any matter if he is under an obligation to do or not to do something. It is such an obligation by virtue of which we are bound to do something or refrain from doing so because another person has the right to expect some action or mission from us. A duty therefore has both a positive and a negative aspect.
Legal Duties :

1. Allegiance. Every citizen has allegiance to the state to which he belongs. He must defend the state against all enemies and dangers.
2. Obedience. Every citizen has the supreme duty of obeying the law.

Moral Duties :

1. Good Moral character. A citizen must have a good moral character.
2. Good Health. A citizen can serve the society well if he enjoys a good health. A citizen should be energetic and strong both mentally and bodily.

Question 5. 
What do you mean by ‘Human Rights’?
Answer: 
Human rights are the basic rights, which all human beings are entitled to have by virtue of human beings. These are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world from birth till death. These basic rights are based on shared values like dignity, equality, respect and independence. These rights are inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex nationality, ethnicity language religion or any other status. These rights are known as universal rights. Fundamental rights are those rights which ones given cannot be taken back. Human rights also include the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education and many more. These rights protect people against abuse by those who are more powerful.

Question 6. 
Mention any four Political Rights of a citizen.
Answer: 
1. Right to Vote. Right to vote is the most important political right. It is through the exercise of this right that citizens in a democracy take part in the government of the country.

2. Right to Criticise the Government. In democratic systems, every citizen has the right to criticise the government and express his views about any action or policy of the government if it goes against the welfare of the people.

3. Right to Contest Elections. Every citizen is given the right to be elected to the local bodies, state or central legislature. State sometimes imposes certain restrictions regarding age, education, etc., for being elected to the legislative bodies.

4. Right to hold Public Offices. Every citizen is given the right to hold public offices. Every public office — executive, legislative and-is equally open to all citizens if they are otherwise to hold that office.

Question 7. 
‘Rights without duties have no meaning.’ Comment.
Or
‘Rights imply duties.’ Discuss.
Answer: 
Rights and duties are closely related to each other and they always go together. A right belonging to one person imposes a corresponding duty on the others to respect his right. His right is, therefore, their duty. One’s right is one’s duty also. If an individual enjoys a right, it must be remembered that the same right belongs to all other individuals. Therefore, it is his duty not to interfere in the enjoyment of other’s rights. It is the duty of an individual to make proper use of his rights. Moreover, one’s right is one’s duty to use it for social good. Rights of an individual imply certain duties towards the state. Rights have no meaning without the state and hence it is the duty of every individual to respect the laws of the state. Thus, rights and duties are so closely related with each other that one cannot exist without the other.

Long Answer Type Questions

Meaning of Rights

Question 1. 
What are Rights? Distinguish between Rights and Claims.
Answer: 
The citizen has to seek ‘the good life’ not only for his own sake but also for the community. If he has to live up to his ideals, he needs certain conditions. He can justly claim them; he has a right to them for the fulfilment of the common good. Rights are those conditions and guarantees which the State should provide to every citizen in order that he may attain his best self in the society. Man can develop all his mental, physical and spiritual qualities only if he is given certain rights and privileges by the State. Each State gives certain rights to the citizens which are essential for the development of the personality of the individuals. Laski has pointed out that every State is known by the rights that it maintains. What is a Right? Different scholars have defined Rights in different ways. Some important definitions of Rights are given below:

 

1. According to Wilde, “A Right is a reasonable claim to freedom in the exercise of certain activities.”

2. According to T.H. Green, “Rights are those powers which are necessary to the fulfilment of man’s vocation as moral being.”

3. According to Holland, “Right is one man’s capacity of influencing the acts of another by means not of his own strength but of the opinion or the force of society.”

4. According to Bosanquet, “A Right is a claim recognised by society and enforced by the State.”

5. According to John Austin, “Rights mean one man’s capacity of exacting from another of other acts of forbearances.”

6. According to H.J. Laski, “Rights are those conditions of social life without which no man can seek to be himself at his best.”

7. According to Dr. Beni Prasad, “Rights are the right conditions of life which are essential for the development of the individual. Rights are the essential aspect of social life.” On the basis of the definitions given above we can say that Rights are those conditions of social life without which human personality cannot develop. Rights are useful for both the individual and the State. The rights are recognised by the State. Difference between Right and Claim.

Right is a claim of the individual for doing things independently. The individual claims his rights from the society. But all claims are not to be regarded as rights because rights are only those claims which are recognised as such by society and enforced by the state. The claim of the individual takes the form of a right only when it is recognised by the society. Without such a recognition, rights are just empty claims. As an individual is a part of the society, an individual cannot have any right apart from what the society concedes.
Characteristics of Rights

Question 2. 
Describe the characteristics of Rights.
Answer: 
Following are the essential features of rights :
1. Rights are available only in the Society. Rights can be possible only in the society. The rights cannot be possible outside the society. Whenever an individual lives in a society, he has to seek the help of others for various purposes. Outside the society, every individual is absolutely free and he makes use of force for achieving his end.

2. Right is a claim of the individual. Right is a claim of the individual for doing things independently. The individual claims his rights from the society. In other words, right means demand for certain facilities.

3. Right is recognised by Society. Rights are those claims of the individual which are recognised by the society. The claim of the individual takes the form of a Right only when it is recognised by the society.

4. Right is reasonable and moral. The society recognises only that claim of the individual which is reasonable and moral. The society recognises only that claim which concerns the welfare of the individual. A claim which is harmful to the society cannot be accepted.

5. Right can be used for public good. A right can be used only for social good and not against the interest of the society. Rights can be achieved in society and are recognised by the society. Therefore, it is natural that they should be exercised in the best interest of the society.

6. Rights are universal. Rights are given equally to all the people in society. Right is a claim of the individual and is not the claim of a particular individual but is a claim of all the individuals. A right which is enjoyed by one individual is also enjoyed by other individuals.

7. Rights and duties go together. Rights are always accompanied by duties. Rights and duties go side by side. A’s right is B’s duty and B’s right is A’s duty. Rights cannot be granted without the performance of certain duties.
 
8. Rights are enforced by the State. Another important feature of right is that it is enforced by the State. The rights are also protected by the State. The State grants rights through laws and those who violate the law are punished by the State. The State is the guardian of the rights of the individuals.

9. Rights change with the time. Rights are not static. Rights change with the changing social, economic and political conditions. For example, in the early phase of industrial expansion, the right to unfettered use of one’s property was recognised. But in the mid-twentieth century, the right to property has been considerably curtailed in almost every country. Hence, no permanent and unchanging catalogue of rights can be compiled.

Question 3. 
Discuss the various rights enjoyed by a citizen in a modern State.
Answer: 
Modern age is an age of democracy and each State grants its citizens various types of rights so that they may be able to develop their personality.
(a) Civil Rights. In the modern democratic states, the citizens are granted the following civil rights :

1. Right to life. Each State grants its citizens the Right of life.
2. Right to personal liberty. The citizens are also given the right to personal liberty.
3. Right to family life. Every citizen has the right to maintain a privacy of life in the family without any outside interference.
4. Right to freedom of religion. Right to freedom of religion is most essential for the development of the personality of the individual.
5. Right to education. The individuals should have the right of receiving education according to their will.
6. Right to Equality. In the modern civilised State, the citizens are also given the right to equality.
7. Right to freedom of movement. A citizen has the right to freedom of movement and settlement in any part of the country.
8. Right to contract. The right to contract enables the citizen to enter into contracts freely with others.
9. Right to freedom of thought and expression. Freedom of speech and expression is a valuable right.
10. Right to freedom of press. In the modern age, the freedom of press is given great importance.
11. Right to form associations. The individuals are given the right to assemble and form associations in order to promote their interests. 

(b) Economic Rights. The citizens of a State get the following rights :

1. Right to Work. In the modern world, no person can be without some work by which he earns livelihood. Therefore, it is the duty of every State to provide work to all citizens.
2. Right to Adequate Wages. The citizens must be given such wages that will enable to maintain, at least, the minimum standard of living,
3. Right to Property. The right to property is most essential for the development of individual personality. Therefore, it is the most important duty of the State to protect the right to property.
4. Right to Economic Security. In the modern State the citizens are granted the right to economic security.
5. Right to Leisure. Everyone should have leisure after doing work.

(c) Political Rights. Generally the political rights mentioned below are given to the citizens.

1. Right to Vote. Right to vote is the most important political right. In India every citizen of the age of 18 years is given the right to vote.
2. Right to Contest Elections. Every voter is normally given the right to be elected to the local boards and State or Central legislatures. In India no citizen who is below 21 years of age can contest elections.
3. Right to Hold Public Offices. All the citizens are eligible to hold public offices.
4. Right to Criticise the Government. Every citizen has the right to criticise the government and express his views about any action or policy of the government.
5. Right to Petition. Every citizen is given the right to address petitions or complaints to the competent authorities.
6. Rights to form Political Parties. In democratic countries citizens enjoy the right to form political parties.

Right Implies Duty

Question 4. 
What is the relationship between rights and duties? 
Answer: 
Rights and duties are the two sides of a coin. According to Dr. Beni Prasad, “They are two aspect of the same thing. If one looks at that from one’s own standpoint, they are rights and if one looks at them from the standpoint of others, they are duties. “One’s right exists only because other’s duties exist and one’s duties towards others also exist. Prof. Wilde has rightly said, “It is only in world of duties that rights have significance.” One person enjoys rights only because others don’t put obstacles in one’s way and are performing their duties. Rights and duties are inseparable. Rights and duties are related in the following way :

1. One’s right is another’s duty. A right belonging to one person imposes a corresponding duty on the others to respect his right. His right is, therefore, their duty. For instance, an individual’s right to property implies that it is the duty of others not to take away or steal his property without his consent or to interfere with his enjoyment of it. In this sense, rights and duties are the two sides of the same coin. From the standpoint of man who enjoys, it is a right and from the point of view of others who must allow him to enjoy, it is a duty.

2. One’s right is one’s duty also. A right is at the same time a duty. If an individual enjoys a right, it must be remembered that the same right belongs to all other individuals. For instance, if ‘A’ has the right to express his opinions freely, it is also his duty not to deny the same right to ‘B’. This right implies one more duty also. If I enjoy liberty of speech, it is my duty not to misuse this right by preaching anything that is against the law or that disturbs peace or spreads hatred among different communities.

3. One’s right is one’s duty to use it in a right way. It is the duty of an individual to make proper use of his rights. The improper use of rights proves harmful for others and society can never tolerate it. If an individual is given the freedom of speech and expression, he should not misuse this right by spreading hatred among different communities. He should not instigate the people against the government. He should not spread rumours. Misuse of rights by the citizens of a State leads to disorder and anarchy. It leads to setting up wrong precedents. People’s welfare is ignored if people do things of their own accord. Every citizen should use his rights in such a way that the interests of the community are promoted to the fullest.

4. One’s right is one’s duty to use it for social good. A right is not only the means for furthering self-interest but is also a means for promoting the general interests of society. An individual enjoys rights only so long as he contributes his best instructed judgement to the common good of the people. In case an individual misuses his rights, and his activities prove harmful to the welfare of the community, his right is forfeited and he becomes liable to punishment. For example, if an individual enjoys his right to freedom of speech to spread bitterness between different communities or to preach violence or anarchy, he becomes a hindrance in the way of social development. He should use right to freedom of speech for constructive purposes only.

5. Duties towards the States. Rights of an individual imply certain duties towards the State. The state gives us rights and they are also safeguarded by the State. State creates such an atmosphere as is necessary for making full use of rights. Rights have no meaning without the State and hence it is the duty of every individual to respect the laws of the State. He should be ready to sacrifice for the State during an hour of crisis. He should pay the State taxes honestly and should be loyal to the State. State protects the life and property of an individual and it is the duty of the individual to protect the State. 
In the end, we can say the Rights and Duties go side by side. They are two faces of the same coin.

Question 5. 
Study the passage given below carefully and answer the questions that follow:
On 10 December 1948, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Following this historic act the Assembly called upon all Member countries to publicise the text of the Declaration and “to cause it to be disseminated, displayed, read and expounded principally in schools and other educational institutions, without distinction based on the political status of countries or territories”. 

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people.
Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that thuman rights should be protected by the rule of law.

1. When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights announced?
2. Who announced the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
3. Why is Universal Declaration of Human Rights essential?

Answer: 

1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights was announced on Dec. 10, 1948.
2. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was announced by United Nations General Assembly.
3. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is essential for Development and Liberty of men and women.

Question 6. 
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Rights are those conditions and guarantees which the state should provide to every citizen in order that he may attain his best self in the society. Right is a claim of the individual for doing things independently. The individual claims his right from the society. But each and every claim of the individual cannot be termed and accepted as a right. In order to become a right individual’s claims must fulfil certain condition. A right is a claim recognised by the society and enforced by the state. The claim of the individual takes the form of a right only when it is recognised by the society. Any claim which is neither acceptable to society nor enforceable by the state cannot be called as a right in a true sense.

6.1. What are there conditions and guarantees which the states should provide to every citizen in order that he may attain his best self in the society?
(a) Rights 
(b) Claims
(c) Law 
(d) Equality
Answer: 
(a) Rights 

6.2. What is a claim of the individual for doing things independently?
(a) Law 
(b) Liberty
(c) Rights 
(d) Equality
Answer: 
(c) Rights 

6.3. Who claim his Rights from the society?
(a) City 
(b) Individual
(c) Country 
(d) None of these
Answer: 
(b) Individual

6.4. From where, claim should be recognised?
(a) Society 
(b) City-state
(c) In court 
(d) None of these
Answer: 
(a) Society 

Question 1. 
Why are rights necessary to the individuals?
Answer: 
Rights are necessary to the individuals because man can develop all his mental, physical and spiritual qualities only if he is given certain rights and privileges by the State. Each State gives certain rights to the citizens which are essential for the development of the personality of the individuals. In brief, we can say that rights are essential for all round development of the individuals.
 
Question 2. 
What do you understand by the term Fundamental Rights?
Answer: 
The legal rights stated in the Constitution are called Fundamental Rights. These rights are considered essential for the development of an individual. Citizens in India, Japan, America, Russia and Switzerland enjoy Fundamental Rights.

Question 3. 
What is meant by natural rights?
Answer: 
According to theory of Natural Rights, Rights are considered the gift of nature. Rights belong to man since his birth; they come along with his birth and are a part of man’s nature. They are inherent in human nature and as such they cannot be separated from it. The rights are free from and above the state and society. The rights do not depend upon the state for their existence. The theory of natural rights was supported by Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau in the 17th and 18th century. According to Locke, man in the state of nature enjoyed there natural rights, viz. Right to Life, Right to Liberty and Right to Property.

Question 4. 
Give two reasons which show the rights are not absolute.
Answer: 
Rights are never absolute for the following reasons :
 
1. Rights are available only in the society. The rights cannot be possible outside the society. Law is the condition of liberty. Unrestricted rights are not rights. They are powers. The Constitution of India imposes many restrictions on fundamental rights.

2. A right can be used only for public good and not against the interest of the society. The state keeping in view of the public welfare and the welfare of the state can limit any right. People enjoy those rights which are sanctioned by the society and enforced by the state.

Question 5. 
Explain legal rights.
Answer: 
A legal right is recognised and enforced by the powers of the state. If any individual interferes with such a right of another person, he will be punished by the state. 

SELF-EVALUATION TEST

1. What do you mean by the Rights?
2. Describe an important element of the right. 
3. How many kinds of rights are there? 
4. Civil Rights are given to the individual by:
(a) Nature 
(b) God
(c) The State 
(d) The people
5. Distinguish between rights and claims. 
6. Explain any two socio-economic rights. 
7. Illustrate by giving two examples that my rights are your duties and vice-versa. 
8. What do you understand by Economic rights? 
9. What do you underst.and by civil rights? Mention any two such rights. 
10. Define the term ‘Duty’. Mention any two legal and two moral duties. 
11. What do you mean by Human Rights? 
12. ‘Rights imply duties.’ Discuss. 
13. Study the passage given below carefully and answer the questions that follows:  
On 10 December 1948, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Following this historic act the Assembly called upon all Member countries to publicise the text of the Declaration and “to cause it to be disseminated, displayed, read and expounded principlally in schools and other educationalinstitutions, without distinction based on the political status of countries or territories”.

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of ail members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. Whereas disregard and contempt. for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings  shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people. Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law. 

• When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights announced?
• Who announced the universal declaration of Human Rights?
• Why is Universal Declaration of human Rights essential?

14. What arc Rights? Describe the characteristics of Rights. 
15. Discuss the various rights enjoyed by a citizen in a modern State. 
16. What is the relationship between rights and duties?