RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Reproductive Health

Rajasthan Board RBSE Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Reproductive Health Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

RBSE Class 12 Biology Solutions Chapter 4 Reproductive Health

RBSE Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1. 
What do you think is the significance of reproductive health in a society?
Answer:
The awareness among people regarding their reproductive health enables them to keep away from any myth or misconception. People become more concerning about growing population and related problems. Reproductive health in a society forms a crucial part of general health. By using safer and hygenic sexual practices, transmission of STDs becomes less. In this way reproductive health leads the society towards prosperity.

Question 2. 
Suggest the aspects of reproductive health which need to be given special attention in the present scenario.
Answer:
The following areas need to be given special attention in the present scenario:

1. People should be made aware of the negative results of population explosion, sexual abuses and sex - related crimes in the society.
2. The benifits of mother and child health programmes should be within the reach of every mother and her child.
3. Literacy rate should be raised for proper implementation of family welfare programmes and community health programmes.
4. Awareness should be created about STDs, their transmission, and prevention among people of reproductive age and also those who are approaching this age.

Question 3. 
Is sex education necessary in schools? Why?
Answer:
Yes, sex education is necessary in schools. It is because of the following reasons:

1. To provide scientific information about reproductive system and reproductive health to students in order to save them from misconceptions and myths about sex related topics. 
2. Provides appropriate knowledge about adolescence, reproductive organs and related concepts.
3. Create awareness amongst students about the need for hygienic and safe sexual practices, sexually transmitted diseases. This helps students, specifically those in adolescence to lead to healthy reproductive life.

Question 4. 
Do you think that reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years? If yes, mention some such areas of improvement.
Answer:
Yes, there has certainly been enormous improvement in reproductive health in the last 50 years. The following examples prove the statement:

• Drastic decreaser in maternal and infant mortality rate due to better post postnatal core can be attributed.
• The decrease in the infant mortality rate can be attributed to the massive child immunization programme.
• The awareness created through the family planning programmes has seen people opting for smaller families.
• Decrease in the rate of sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies due to use of contraceptives.

Question 5. 
What are the suggested reasons for population explosion?
Answer:
Population explosion can be used to refer to the sudden increase in the size of a population. There is aft increase in the population every day leading to population explosion.
The major reasons of population explosion are as follows:

• Increase in the birth rate and the longevity.
• Decrease in the death rate.

In the last 50 years, the death rate has decreased obviously. Decrease in the death rate and increase in the birth rate can be attributed to the various methods that have been adopted such as diseases - control, measures taken to create awareness and spreading knowledge of importance of reproductive health, measures taken to introduce sex education topics at school level, better medical facilities, ensuring food supply and medical assitance during emergency times and so on. These reasons have also led to an increase in the longevity of people.    

Question 6. 
Is the use of contraceptive justified? Give reasons.
Answer:
Yes, the use of contraceptive is completely justified. The reasons that favour are:

• Contraceptives help couples to plan their family.
• These aid in population control.
• Barrier type contraceptives are helpful in preventing STDs.
• These are, user friendly and can be used without any side effects.

Hence, contraceptive meet the current demand, therefore their use is justified.

Question 7. 
Removal of gonads cannot be considered as a contraceptive option. Why?
Answer:
Removal of gonads not only stops the production of gametes but will also stop the secretions of various important hormones which are important for bodily functions. This method is irreversible and therefore cannot be considered as a contraceptive method.

Question 8. 
Amniocentesis for sex determination is banned in our country. Is this ban necessary? Comment.
Answer:
Amniocentesis is very useful technique as it is used to determine ‘ the sex of the foetus as well as its congenetal diseases. But unfortunately this useful technique is being misused to kill the normal female foetus because it helps to detect the sex of the faetus. It is called foeticide which is a crime therefore it is necessary to legally ban the determination of sex of foetus.

Question 9. 
Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children.
Answer:
The inability of a couple to produce a baby inspite of unprotected sexual intercourse is termed as infertility which can arise due to congenital disease, physical, physiological and immunological causes. The corrective and the diagnoestic measures of few of these disorders can be carried out in specialized health care centres. Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ARTs) are the special techniques that can assist infertil techniques that can assist infertile couple to bear children.
Some methods assisting infertile couples to have children are listed below:

1. In vitro fertilization: Embryo transfer (IVF - ET).
2. In vitro fertilization: Surrogacy.
3. Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT).
4.  Artificial insemination (AI).
5. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Question 10. 
What are the measures one have to take to prevent from contracting STDs?
Answer:
The measures to be taken to avoid contraction of STDs are listed below:

1. Blood transfusion from an infected person or drug hbuser must be avoided.
2. Having sexual intercourse with an unknown person or multiple persons must be avoided.
3. Sharing of surgical instruments, injection needle, shaving blades must be totally avoided.
4. Always use condoms during intercourse with unknown partner.
5. In case of any doubt, early detection and cure must be taken through medical assistance from a qualified doctor.

Question 11. 
State True / False with explanation:
(a) Abortions could happen spontaneously too. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(b) Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities / defects in the female partner. (True/False)
Answer:
False: Infertility is defined as the inability tyo produce aviable offspring and can be due to abnormalities is either the male or the female partner.

(c) Complete lactation couple help as a natural method of contraception. (True/False)
Answer:
False: Lactaion amenorrhoea or complete lactation can help as a natural contraceptive method. But it is limited until the completion of lactational period only which is until six months after parturition.

(d) Creating awareness about sex related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people. (True/False)
Answer:
True.

Question 12. 
Correct the following statements:
(a) Surgical methods of contraception prevent gamete formation.
Answer:
Surgical methods of contraception prevent gamete flow during the act of intercourse.

(b) All sexually transmitted diseases are completely curable.
Answer:
Some STDs can be cured if detected early stage and treated appropriately. But AIDS still remain to be incurable

(c) Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among the rural women.
Answer:
Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among urban women.

(d) In E.T. techniques, embryos are always transferred into the uterus.
Answer:
In embryo transfer techniques, the 8 - celled embryo is transfer into the fallopian tube. Whereas more than 8 - celled embryo is directly transferred to the uterus.