RBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 7 Structural Organisation in Animals

Rajasthan Board RBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 7 Structural Organisation in Animals Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

RBSE Class 11 Biology Solutions Chapter 7 Structural Organisation in Animals

RBSE Class 11 Biology Structural Organisation in Animals Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1. 
Answer in one word or one line.
(i) Give the common name of Periplanata americana.
(ii) How many spermathecae are found in earthworm?
(iii) What is the position of ovaries in cockroach?
(iv) How many segments are present in the abdomen of cockroach?
(v) Where do you find Malpighian tubules?
Answer:
(i) American cockroach.
(ii) 4 pairs of spermathecae are found in Earthworm.
(iii) Two ovaries are found lying laterally around 2nd to 6th abdominal segments.
(iv) 10 segments.
(v) Malpighian tubules are found at the junction of midgut and the hindgut of the alimentary canals of insects.

Question 2. 
Answer the following:
(i) What is the function of nephridia?
(ii) How many types of nephridia are found in earthworm based on their location?
Answer:
(i) Nephridia perform the function of excretion and osmoregulation in earthworm.
(ii) Three types of nephridia are found in the earthworm based on their location. They are:

• Septal nephridia present on both sides of inter segmental septa of segment 15 to the last that open into intestine.
• Integumentary nephridia are attached to the lining of the body wall of segment 3 to the last that opens on the body surface.
• Pharyngeal nephridia is present as three paired tufts in the 4th, 5th and 6th segment.

Question 3. 
Draw a labelled diagram of the reproductive organs of an earthworm.
Answer:

Question 4. 
Draw a - labelled diagram of alimentary canal of a cockroach.
Answer:

Question 5. 
Distinguish between the following:
(a) Prostomium and peristomium.
(b) Septal nephridium and pharyngeal nephridium.
Answer:
(a) Differences between Prostomium and Peristomium 

(b) Differences between septal nephridium and pharyngeal nephridium.

Question 6. 
What are the cellular components of blood?
Answer:
The cellular components of blood are: Red blood corpuscles (RBCs), white blood corpuscles (WBCs) and blood platelates.

Question 7. 
What are the following and where do you find them in animal body?
(a) Chondriocytes 
(b) Axons 
(c) Ciliated epithelium.
Answer:
(a) Chondriocytes are the cells of cartilage. Cartilage is present in the tip of nose, outer ear joints between adjacent bones of the vertebral column, limbs and hands in adults. They are rounded large and mature cells that are found occuring in clusters in the matrix of cartilage.

(b) An axon is a long slender projection of neuron or nerve cell. They are present throughout the body. They emerge from the cyton and are responsible to conduct nerve impulses away from the all body. They terminate in a group of branches known as terminal arborisations.

(c) If the columnar or cuboidal cells bear cilia on their free surface they are called ciliated epithelium. They are present in the inner surface of hollow organs like branchioles and fallopian tube. It comprises of fine vibratile cytoplasmic processes that are termed as cilia found on its free surface. The cells is functional in trapping foreign substances and dust.

Question 8. 
Describe various types of epithelial tissues with the help of labelled diagrams.
Answer:
We commonly refer to an epithelial tissue as epithelium (pl.: epithelia). This tissue has a free surface, which faces either a body fluid or the outside environment and thus provides a covering or a lining for some part of the body. The cells are compactly packed with little intercellular matrix. There are two types of epithelial tissues namely-

• Simple epithelium and 
• Compound epithelium.

Question 9. 
Distinguish between:
(a) Simple epithelium and compound epithelium.
(b) Cardiac muscle and striated muscle.
(c) Dense regular and dense irregular connective tissues.
(d) Adipose and blood tissue.
(e) Simple gland and compound gland. 
Answer:
(a)

(b)  

(c) 

(d)

(e) 

Question 10. 
Mark the odd one in each series:
(a) Areolar tissue; blood; neuron; tendon.
(b) RBC; WBC; platelets; cartilage.
(c) Exocrine; endocrine; salivary gland; ligament.
(d) Maxilla; mandible; labrum; antennae
(e) Protonema; mesothorax; metathorax; coxa. 
Answer:
(a) Neuron
(b) Cartilage
(c) Ligament 
(d) Antennae.

Question 11. 
Match the terms in column I with those in column II:

Answer:

Question 12. 
Mention briefly about the circulatory system of earthworm.
Answer:
Another important organ system is the circulatory system. The earthworm has a closed circulatory system. An earthworm circulates blood exclusively through vessels. There are three main vessels that supply the blood to organs within the earthworm. These vessels are the aortic arches, dorsal blood vessels, and ventral blood vessels. The aortic arches function like a human heart. There are five pairs of aortic arches, which have the responsibility of pumping blood into the dorsal and ventral blood vessels. The dorsal blood vessels are responsible for carrying blood to the front of the earthworm’s body. The ventral blood vessels are responsible for carrying blood to the back of the earthworm’s body.

Question 13. 
Draw a neat diagram of digestive system of frog.
Answer:

Question 14. 
Mention the functions of following:
(a) Ureters in frog.
(b) malpighian tubules.
(c) Body wall in earthworm.
Answer:
(a) Ureters in frog: Acts as urinogential duct which carries urine and sperm in the male frog.
(b) Malpighian tubules: These are excretory organs in cockroaches.
(c) Bodywall in earthworm: Helps in movement and burrowing.