RBSE Class 9 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 9 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter2 Physical Features of India Important Questions and Answers. 

RBSE Class 9 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India 

Multiple Choice Questions:

Question 1.
Which theory explains that the earth has been formed out of seven major and some minor plates
(a) Theory of plate tectonics
(b) Daltons theory
(c) Theory of evolution
(d) Darwins theory
Answer:
(a) Theory of plate tectonics

 

Question 2. 
The movement of the plates leads to
(a) Folding 
(b) Faulting
(c) Volcanic activity 
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above

Question 3. 
Which of the following are young fold mountains
(a) The Vindhyas 
(b) The Aravalis
(c) TheNilgiris 
(d) The Himalayas
Answer:
(d) The Himalayas

Question 4. 
The Western Coastal strip, south of Goa, is referred to as
(a) Coromandal 
(b) Konkan 
(c) Kannad
(d) Khasi
Answer:
(c) Kannad

Question 5. 
The highest peak in the Western ghats is
(a) Anai Mudi 
(b) Kanchanjunga 
(c) Mahendragiri
(d) Khasi
Answer:
(a) Anai Mudi 

Question 6. 
Name the Himalayas lies between River Indus and Satluj
(a) Punjab Himalayas 
(b) Nepal Himalayas
(c) Kumaon Himalayas 
(d) Assam Himalayas
Answer:
(a) Punjab Himalayas 

Question 7. 
Name the Himalayas lies between River ‘Satluj and Kali
(a) Punjab Himalayas
(b) Kumaon Himalayas
(c) Assam Himalayas 
(d) Nepal Himalayas
Answer:
(b) Kumaon Himalayas

Question 8. 
Name the Himalayas lies between river ‘Kali and Tista
(a) Punjab Himalayas 
(b) Assam Himalayas
(c) Nepal Himalayas 
(d) Kumaon Himalayas
Answer:
(b) Assam Himalayas

Question 9. 
The largest salt lake in India is
(a) Sambhar Lake 
(b) Chilika Lake 
(c) Pulicat Lake 
(d) Wular Lake
Answer:
(b) Chilika Lake 

Question 10. 
The Himalayas that lies between river “Tista and Dihang’
(a) Kumaon Himalayas 
(b) Nepal Himalayas
(c) Punjab Himalayas 
(d) Assam Himalayas
Answer:
(d) Assam Himalayas

Question 11. 
Which plateau lies between the Aravali and Vindyas ranges?
(a) Deccan Plateau
(b) Malwa Plateau
(c) Chota Nagpur Plateau 
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Malwa Plateau

Question 12. 
The Island group of India having coral origin
(a) Andaman and Nicobar 
(b) Lakshadweep
(c) Pitti Island 
(d) Kavaratti
Answer:
(b) Lakshadweep

Question 13. 
Which of the following is responsible for the variation in the colour of soil in different parts of India?
(a) Difference in rock formation 
(b) Deposition
(c) Volcanic eruption 
(d) Land use
Answer:
(a) Difference in rock formation 

Question 14. 
Mt. Everest the highest peak in the World is located in
(a) Himadri 
(b) Himachal 
(c) Vindhyas 
(d) Shiwaliks
Answer:
(a) Himadri 

Question 15. 
The world's second highest peak is
(a) K-2 
(b) Mt. Everest
(c) Mt. Kanchanjunga 
(d) Mt. Annapurna
Answer:
(a) K-2 

Question 16. 
The river Narmada and Tapti are flowing towards
(a) West 
(b) East 
(c) North 
(d) South
Answer:
(a) West 

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.  
............ is the process which is responsible for the relief of the earth.
Answer:
Weathering

Question 2. 
According to the 'theory of plate tectonics the earth oust is formed of ............ plates.
Answer:
seven

Question 3. 
A landmass bounded by sea on three sides is referred as ............
Answer:
peninsula

Question 4.  
............ was the oldest landmass.
Answer: 
Gondwana land

Question 5.
............ part of Himalayas is snowbound perennially.
Answer:
Himadri

Question 6. 
The peninsular plateau is composed ............ of and ............ rocks.
Answer:
1. Igneous
2. Metamorphic

True or False:

Question 1. 
Majuli is the largest inhabited riverine island in the world .
Answer:
True

Question 2. 
Kanchenjunga is located in Western Ghats.
Answer:
False

Question 3. 
The Pir Panjal range is located in Jammu and Kashmir.
Answer:
True

Question 4. 
Kangra and Kullu valleys are located in Himadri range.
Answer:
False

Question 5. 
The Northern most range of Himalaya is known as the Inner Himalayas.
Answer:
True

Question 6. 
Luni is the only large river in the Indian desert.
Answer:
True

Match the Column:

Question 1. 

Column A	Column B
(1) Narmada	(a) The northern plain
(2) Brahmaputra	(b) The coastal plain
(3) Luni	(c) The peninsular plateau
(4) Krishna	(d) The Indian desert

Answer:

Column A	Column B
(1) Narmada	(c) The peninsular plateau
(2) Brahmaputra	(a) The northern plain
(3) Luni	(d) The Indian desert
(4) Krishna	(b) The coastal plain

Question 2.

Column A	Column B
(1) Anai Mudi	(a) Eastern Ghats
(2) K2	(b) Karakoram
(3) Mahendragiri	(c) Western Ghats
(4) NangaParbat	(d) Zaskar

Answer:

Column A	Column B
(1) Anai Mudi	(c) Western Ghats
(2) K2	(b) Karakoram
(3) Mahendragiri	(a) Eastern Ghats
(4) NangaParbat	(d) Zaskar

 

Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Question 1. 
What are the three nugor river systems of the northern plain of India?
Answer: 
The Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra are the three major river systems of the northern plain of India.

Question 2. 
Why is the northern plain agriculturally a very productive part of India?
Answer: 
The rich soil cover, adequate water supply and favourable climate for cultivation has turned the northern plain into an agriculturally productive part of India.

Question 3. 
What is a riverine island? Which is the largest inhabited riverine island in the world?
Answer: 
A landform or an island formed by alluvial deposits within a river is known as a riverine island. Majuli, in the Brahmaputra river is the largest inhabited riverine island in the world.

Question 4. 
Why do the rivers of the northern plain split into numerous channels in their lower course?
Answer: 
The rivers draining the northern plain carry a lot of silt from the northern mountains. In their lower course, the gentle slope of land causes these rivers to slow down and start depositing the silt. This causes the rivers to split into numerous channels or distributaries.

Question 5. 
Name the extension of the Deccan plateau in the northeast.
Answer: 
Meghalaya and Karbi-Anglong plateau are an extension of the Deccan plateau in the northeast.

Question 6. 
Name the three hills that are a part of the Deccan Plateau in the northeastern India.
Answer: 
The Garo, the Khasi and the Jaintia hills are a part of the Deccan plateau in the northeastern India.

Question 7. 
Write a short note on the Deccan Trap.
Answer: 
The black soil area of the peninsular plateau is known as Decean Trap. It is made - of igneous rocks due to its volcanic origin. These rocks have denuded over time and caused the formation of black soil.

Question 8. 
Define Dune? ShoW examples from the Himalayan region.
Answer: 
A Dune is a narrow longitudinal valley lying between lesser Himalaya and the Shiwaliks. 
For example : 
Dehradun, Kotlidun, Patlidun are well known dunes.

Question 9. 
Discuss about the largest part of the Northern plain.
Answer: 

1. The largest part of the Northern plain is ‘Bhangar’. 
2. It is formed of older alluvium and it lies above the flood plains of the rivers. It presents a terrace like feature.

Question 10. 
Mention features of‘Bhabar’.
Answer: 

1. It is a narrow belt lying parallel to the slopes of the Shiwaliks.
2. Its width is 8 to 16 km.
3. Rivers deposit pebbles in this narrow belt.

Question 11. 
Complete the following table with correct information.

	Name	Length	Tributaries
The peninsular river	Godavari	A?	B?

Answer: 
A = 1500 km., B = Tributaries : Puma, Wardha, Pranhita, Majra, Wainganga, Penganga.
Question 12. Complete the following table with correct information regarding river Indus :

Indus river	Where it rises	Its tributaries in Ladakh	Total length of the river
	A-?	Zaskar, Nubra, Shyok and Hunza	B - ?

Answer: 
(A) Near lake Mansarovar in Tibet (B) 2900 km.

Question 13. 
Which is considered to be one of the most stable land blocks of India. 
Answer: 
The Peninsular Plateau

Question 14. 
Which is the highest mountain peak of the Himalayas?
Answer: 
The Mount Everest

Question 15. 
Which is the highest mountain peak of India?
Answer:
 Kanchenjunga

Question 16. 
Which river marks the eastern-most boundary of the Himalayas?
Answer: 
The Brahmaputra 

Question 17. 
Which is the largest inhabited riverine island in the world?
Answer: 
Majuli in the Brahmaputra river

Question 18. 
What type of rocks are found in the Deccan Trap?
Answer: 
Igneous rocks

Question 19. 
What are the circular or horse-shoe-shaped coral reefs called?
Answer:
Atolls 

Question 20. 
Where is India’s only active volcano located?
Answer: 
On Barren island In Andaman and Nicobar group of islands.

Question 21. Which river drains the Chotanagpur Plateau?
Answer: 
Damodar river

Question 22. 
Which type of rainfall is caused by the Western Ghats?
Answer: 
Orographic rainfall

Question 23. 
Where are the Shevroy Hills and the Javadi hills located?
Answer: 
The Eastern Ghats

Question 24. 
Name the hills that extend from Gujarat to Delhi in a southwest-northeast direction.
Answer: 
The Aravalli hills

Question 25. 
What are the crescent-shaped dunes called?
Answer: 
Barchans

Question 26. 
Give an example of the barrier reef.
Answer: 
The Great Barrier Reef of Australia Question 26. Name the northern stretch of the western coast.
Answer:
Konkan

Question 28.
What is the southern stretch of the western coast called?
Answer: 
Malabar coast

Question 29
7.What is the northern stretch of the eastern coast called?
Answer: 
Northern Circars

Question 30. 
What is the southern stretch of the western coast called?
Answer: 
Coromandel Coast

Short Answer Type Questions;

Question 1. 
Name the six physiographic divisions of India.
Answer: 
The six physiographic divisions of India are as follows

1. The Himalayan Mountains
2. The Northern Plains
3. The Peninsular Plateau
4. The Indian Desert
5. The Coastal Plains
6. The Islands

Question 2. 
Write a brief account of Himalayan mountains.
Answer: 
The Himalayas were formed more recently in the earth’s history. Hence, they are called the young, fold mountains. The Himalayas run along the northern borders of India in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. The Himalayas form an arc and cover about 2,400 km long. Their width varies from 400 km in Kashmir to 150 km in Arunachal Pradesh. 

The Himalayas consists of the three parallel mountain ranges- the Great or Inner Himalayas or the Himadri, the lesser Himalaya or Himachal and the outer Himalayas or the Shiwaliks. Some longitudinal valleys or Dims such as Dehradun, Kotli Dun and Patli Dim lie between lesser Himalaya and the Shiwaliks. These valleys are covered with thick gravel and alluvium.

Question 3. 
Describe the divisions of Himalayas from west to east.
Answer: 
The river valleys divide the Himalayas from west to east into four regions. They are : Punjab Himalayas, Kumaon Himalayas, Nepal Himalayas and Assam Himalayas. Punjab Himalayas : 
This part lies between the Indus and Sutlej. From west to east, this is also known as Kashmir Himalaya and Himachal Himalaya; respectively.

• Kumaon Himalayas : This part lies between Sutlej and Kali rivers.
• Nepal Himalayas: This part lies between the Kali and Teesta rivers.
• Assam Himalayas: This part lies between the Teesta and Dihang rivers.

Question 4. 
What is Purvachal?
Answer:
 The extension of Himalayas beyond the Dihang gorge that spreads along the eastern boundary of India and runs through the northeastern states, is called Purvachal or the eastern hills and mountains. These are covered with dense forests and are mostly composed of strong sandstones. The Patkai hills, the Naga hills, Manipur hills and the Mizo hills are part of the Purvachal. Physical Features of India

Question 5. 
Distinguish between the Himalayas and the Purvachal hills.
Answer: 
The differences between the Himalaya and the Purvachal are as ahead :

Himalayas	Purvachal Hills
(i) The Himalayas are geologically young and structurally fold mountains stretch over	Purvanchal Hills are the part of Himalayas. Beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas bend sharply to the south and spread along the eastern boundary of India. They are known as purvachal or the Eastern hills and mountains.
(ii) The Himalayas represent the loftiest and one of the rugged mountain barriers of the world.	These hills running through the northeastern states and mostly composed of strong sandstones, which are sendimentary rocks.
(iii) The Himalaya consists of three parallel ranges - Great or Inner Himalayas or Himadri, Himachal or Lesser Himalaya and Shiwaliks.	The Purvachal comprises the Patkai hills, the Naga hills, the Manipur hills and the Mizo hills.
(iv) Himalayas consists of loftiest peaks, graders, hill stations and Duns.	Purvachal hills are covered with dense forests which mostly run as parallel ranges and velleys.

Question 6.
Differentiate between Himadri and Shiwalik range.
Answer:

Himadri range	Shiwalik range
(i) Himadri or Great Himalayas are the northern most range of Himalayas.	Shiwaliks are the outer - most range of Himalayas.
(ii) It is the most continuous range consisting of the loftiest peaks with an average height of 6000 metres. It cotains all prominent peaks.	They extend over a width of 10.15 km and have an altitude varying between 900 and 1100 metres.
(iii) The folds of Great Himalayas are asymetrical in nature. The core of this part of Himalayas is composed of granite.	These ranges are composed of unconsolidated sediments brought down by rivers from the main Himalayan ranges located farther north.
(iv) It is perennially snow bound, and a number of glaciers descend from this range.	These part of Himalayas are covered with thick gravel and alluvium.

Question 7. 
Differentiate between Himadri and Himachal range.
Answer:

Himadri	Himachal
(i) Its average height is 6000 meters.	Its average height is between 3700 to 4500 metres.
(ii) This range contains all prominent Himalayan peaks such as Kanchenjunga.	This range contains famous valley of Kashmir, the Kangra and Kullu valley in Himachal Pradesh.
(iii) The core of this part is composed of granite.	These ranges are mainly composed of highly compressed and altered rocks.

Question 8. 
Explain the three sections of the northern plain.
Answer: 
The northern plain is divided into three sections: the Punjab Plain, the Ganga Plain and the Brahmaputra Plain.

(i) The Punjab Plain: 
The western part of the northern plain is referred to as the Punjab Plain. It has been formed by the Indus and its tributaries - Jhelum, Clienab, Ravi, Beas and Sutluj. A major portion of this plain is in Pakistan. This plain is dominated by the doabs.

(ii) The Ganga Plain: 
The part of the northern plain that lies between Ghaggar and Teesta rivers is known as the Ganga plain. Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, part of Jharkhand and West Bengal lie in this plain.

(iii) The Brahmaputra Plain : 
The eastern part of the northern plain is known as the Brahmaputra Plain. It lies mainly in Assam.

Question 9. 
Distinguish between the western coastal plains and the eastern coastal plains.
Answer:

Western Coastal plains	Eastern coastal plains
(i) The western coastal plains lie between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.	The eastern coastal plains lie between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal.
(ii) They are narrow.	They are wide in level.
(iii) They consist of three sections, the Konkan coast, the Kannad plain and the Malabar coast.	They consist of two sections, the Northern Circar and the Coromandel coast.
(iv) They have estuaries and lagoons.	They have fertile deltas formed by large rivers such as the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Kaveri and the Krishna.

Question 10. 
Write a note on corals.
Or
How are coral reefs formed? Give two examples of coral reefs.
Answer: 
Coral polyps are short-lived microscopic organisms, which live in colonies. Each individual coral is referred to as a polyp. The coral polyps thrive in shallow, mud free and warm waters. They secrete hard rock like substance or exoskeleton that protects their bodies. When one generation of coral polyps dies, another generation grows on the exoskeletons of their ancestors. In this way, the new coral polyps keep adding to the already existing coral structure and coral reefs are formed. The coral reefs are mainly of three kinds, barrier reef, fringing reef and atolls.

Question 11. 
How are the Lakshadweep islands different from the Andaman and Nicobar islands.
Answer:

Lakshadweep Islands	Andaman and Nicobar Islands
(i) These are located in the Arabian Sea.	These are located in the Bay of Bengal..
(ii) This group of islands covers small area of 32 square km.	This group of islands covers area of 8,249 square km.
(iii) These islands are in the form of a cluster.	It is an elongated chain of islands
(iv) They are smaller in size and are less in number than the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.	They are bigger in size and are more numerous than the Lakshdweep islands.
(v) Kavaratti	Port Blair is the administrative head-quarters of Andaman and Nicobar.

 

 Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Briefly describe about the physiographic forms of India.
Or
Describe the geographical divisions of India.
Answer: 
The geographical elevation of India is not uniform due to being geographically spread over a wide area. The land of India displays great physical variation. The physical features of India can be grouped under the following physiographic
divisions

(i) The Himalayan Mountains :
The Himalayas are located over the northern borders of India. Geologically these are young and structurally fold mountains. These mountains are very uneven. They form an arc, which covers a distance of about 2,400 Km. their width varies from 400 Km in Kashmir to 150 Km in Arunachal Pradesh. The highest peak of the world Mount Everest is located
in this mountain range.

(ii) The Northern Plain :
This plain being about 2400 km long and 240 to 320 km broad. The northern plain has been formed by the interplay of the three major river systems, namely the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra along with their tributaries. This plain is formed of alluvial soil.

(iii) The Peninsular Plateau:
The Peninsular plateau is a tableland composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. The plateau has broad and shallow valleys and rounded hills. This plateau consists of two broad divisions, namely, the Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau.

(iv) The Indian Desert:
The Indian desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravali Hills. It has arid climate with low vegetation cover. Sand dunes are found here on most parts.

(v) The Coastal Plains:
These plains are spread along the eastern and western sides of the peninsular plateau.

(vi) The Islands :
It involves two group of island Lakshadweep Islands group is situated in Arabian Sea where as Andaman and Nicobar islands are located in the Bay of Bengal.

Question 2. 
Describe about Himalayan Mountain Range.
Or
Geographically describe the major divisions of the Himalayan mountain range. 
Answer: 
Himalayan mountain range can be described under following headings:
A. 'Location, size and expansion: 
The Himalayan mountains stretch over the northern borders of India. This is geologically young and structurally folds mountains. These mountain ranges run in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra.They form an arc, which covers a distance of about 2,400 Km. Their width varies from 400 Km in Kashmir to 150 Km in Arunachal Pradesh. It is the highest mountain range in the world and is very uneven. The altitudinal variations are greater in the eastern half than those in the western half.

B. Division: 
The Himalaya consists of three parallel ranges in its longitudinal extent 
(i) Great or Inner Himalayas or the Himadri: It is the most continuous range with an average height of 6,000 metres. It contains all prominent Himalayan peaks. The core of this part of Himalayas is composed of granite. The folds of the Great Himalayas are asymmetrical in nature. It is perennially snow bound, and a number of glaciers descend from this
range.

(ii) Lesser Himalaya: 
It is also known as Himachal. The range lying to the south of the Himadri forms the most rugged mountain system. The altitude varies between 3,700 and 4,500 metres. This region is well-known for its hill stations. 

(iii)Shiwalik: 
It is the outer-most range of the Himalayas. They extend over a width of 10-50 Km and have an altitude varying between 900 and 1100 metres. These ranges are composed of unconsolidated sediments brought down by rivers from the main Himalayan ranges located farther north. Many famous Dims are located in it. Besides the longitudinal divisions, the Himalayas have been divided on the basis of regions from west to east in following ways
(a) Punjab Himalaya: part of Himalayas lying between Indus and Satluj.
(b) Kumaon Himalayas: part of the Himalayas lying between Satluj and Kali rivers.
(c) Nepal Himalaya: part of Himalayas lying between Kali and Teesta rivers.
(d) Assam Himalayas : part of Himalayas lying between Teesta and Dihang rivers.

C. Purvachal: 
The Brahmaputra marks the eastern-most boundary of the Himalayas. Beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas bend sharply to the south and spread along the eastern boundary of ndia. They are known as the Purvachal or the Eastern hills and mountains. These hills running through the north-eastern states. They are made up of sedimentary rocks. Covered with dense forests. The Patkai hills, the Naga hills, Mizo hills and the Manipur hills comes in Purvachal.

Question 3. 
Describe about the Peninsular Plateau.
Or
State the main features of the peninsular plateau.
Answer: 
Following are the main features of the peninsular plateau 
A. Location, size and structure: 
The peninsular plateau lies to the south of the northern plain. The Peninsular plateau is a tableland composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. This is the oldest landmass. It was formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondwana land. The plateau has broad and shallow valleys and rounded hills.

B. Main division- Peninsular Plateau can be divided into two parts :
(i) Central Highlands :
The part of the Peninsular plateau lying to the north of the Narmada river,is known as the Central Highlands. It includes Malwa Plateau, Bundelkhand Plateau and Chota Nagpur Plateau. Aravali range and Vindhyan range are the main mountain ranges of this part. The main rivers of this region are the Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa and the Ken which flows from southwest towards northeast.

(ii) Deccan Plateau: 
The shape of Deccan Plateau is triangular. It lies to the south of the river Narmada. This part of the peninsular plateau is very large. Main hills and ranges : In the north, there is Satpura range on its broad base. Mahadev, the Kaimur hills and the Maikal range are other main ranges. An extension of the Plateau can be seen in the northeast, locally known as the Meghalaya, Karbi-Anglong Plateau and North Cachar Hills. In this part, three important ranges from west to east are Garo, Khasi and Jaintia. 

Major rivers and hills: 
Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Tapti etc. are the prominent rivers of this region. The slope of the Deccan plateau is towards the east, therefore the major rivers of this region such as Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri etc flows in east and fall in Bay of Bengal, only Narmada and Tapti fall in Arabian sea in west.

C. Ghat: 
The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats mark the western and the eastern edges of the Deccan Plateau respectively.
(i) Western Ghat : 
The western edge of the Deccan plateau is known as the Western Ghats. Western Ghats are continuous and can be crossed through passes only. Their average elevation is 900- 1600 metres. The Western Ghats cause orographic rain. This rain occurs due to the rise of moist winds to rise along the western slope of the ghat. The height of the Western Ghats progressively increases from north to south. Anai Mudi (2,695 metres) and Doda Betta (2,637 metres) are two main highest peak in this region.

(ii) Eastern Ghat: 
The Eastern Ghats are located on the eastern edge of the Deccan plateau. Average elevation of Eastern Ghat is 600 meters. The Eastern Ghats stretch from the Mahanadi Valley to the Nilgiri in the south. The Eastern Ghats are discontinuous and irregular and dissected by rivers draining into the Bay of Bengal. Mahendragiri (1,501 metres) is
the highest peak in the Eastern Ghats. Shevroy Hills and the Javadi Hills are located to the southeast of the Eastern Ghats.

D. Rich soil: 
Peninsular Plateau contains rich black soil made up of lava. This is also known as Decean Trap.
E. Rich in minerals :
 Igneous rocks are found in the peninsular plateau. Being made from the oldest rocks, it has rich mineral deposits.

Question 4. 
Describe in detail about Indian coastal plain.
Answer: 
The coastal plains of different widths are located on either side of the peninsular plateau in the south of India. These plains can be divided in to two parts

A. Western Coastal Plain : 
Western coastal plain is a narrow plain located between Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. This plain has major three division
(i) Konkan Coast : 
The northern part of the coast is called the Konkan (Mumbai - Goa) coast.

(ii) Kannad Plain : 
The central stretch is called the Kannad Plain.

(iii) Malabar coast: 
Southern stretch is called Malabar coast. Main Rivers- Rivers such as Narmada, Tapti and Mandovi etc. flows in western coastal plain. Main Port - Kandla, Mumbai, Mormugoa, Cochin and Mangalore etc. are the major port of this region.

B. Eastern Coastal Plain : 
The plains along the Bay of Bengal are wide and level.This is wider and leveled than the western coastal plain. This can be divided in to two parts

(i) Northern Circar : 
Northern part of the coast is known as ‘Northern . Circar’.

(ii) Coromandel Coast: 
Southern part of eastern coastal plain is known as ‘Coromandel Coast’.
Main Rivers : 
zahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri are the main rivers which flows in eastern coastal plain. These rivers have formed extensive delta on this coast. Chilika Lake, located to the south of the ‘ Mahanadi delta in Orissa, is the largest saltwater lake in India.

Main Port: 
Visakhapatnam, Chennai, Paradip and Tuticorin port are the main port of eastern coastal plain.

Question 5. 
Write an article on the island group of India.
Answer: 
India’s mainland is very vast and India also has a long coastline. Besides this, India has two groups of islands Lakshadweep Islands group and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Their detailed discussion is as follows 

(i) Lakshadweep Islands group : 
This Island is located in Arabian Sea. This Islands group lying close to the Malabar coast of Kerala. This group of islands is composed of small coral isalnds. Earlier they were known as Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindive. In 1973, these were named as Lakshadweep. It covers small area of 32 sq km. This island group has great diversity of flora and fauna. Kavaratti island is the administrative headquarters of Lakshadweep. The Pitti island, is bird sanctuary.

(ii) Andaman and Nicobar group of Island :
Andaman and Nicobar group of Island is located in Bay of Bengal. They are bigger in size and are more numerous and scattered. The entire group of islands is divided into two broad categories - The Andaman in the north and the Nicobar in the south. It is believed that tnese islands are an elevated portion of submarine mountains. These islands lie close to equator and experience equatorial climate. This island has thick forest cover and there is great diversity of flora and fauna.