RBSE Class 9 Social Science Important Questions Civics Chapter 4 Working of Institutions

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 9 Social Science Important Questions Civics Chapter 4 Working of Institutions Important Questions and Answers. 

RBSE Class 9 Social Science Important Questions Civics Chapter 4 Working of Institutions 

Multiple Choice Questions:

Question 1. 
Once the Lok Sabha passes the budget or money bill, Rajya Sabha only can delay it by
(a) 21 days 
(b) 18 days 
(c) 16 days 
(d) 14 days
Answer:
(d) 14 days

Question 2. 
How many members are there in Lok Sabha?
(a) 245 members 
(b) 530 members 
(c) 545 members 
(d) 552members 
Answer:
(c) 545 members 

 

Question 3. 
Who exercises more powers in money matters?
(a) The Rajya Sabha 
(b) The Lok Sabha
(c) Both (a) and 
(b) (d) The Prime Minister
Answer:
(b) The Lok Sabha

Question 4. 
What does independence of the Judiciary mean?
(a) It is not under the control of the legislature or the executive
(b) The judges do not act on the direction of the government
(c) No pressure of the party in power
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(b) The judges do not act on the direction of the government

Question 5. 
Our constitution gives the Rajya Sabha some special powers over
(a) The Lok Sabha 
(b) The Country
(c) The States 
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(c) The States 

Question 6. 
Who among the following is not appointed by the President of India?
(a) The Chief Justice of India 
(b) The Election Commissioner
(c) The Governors of States 
(d) The Chief Ministers
Answer:
(d) The Chief Ministers

Question 7. 
Who is the Supreme Commander of the defence forces of India?
(a) The Chief Justice 
(b) The Prime Minister
(c) The President 
(d) The Chief of the defence force
Answer:
(c) The President 

Question 8. 
When was the second Backward Class Commission appointed?
(a) 1969 
(b) 1976 
(c) 1979 
(d) 1989
Answer:
(c) 1979 

Question 9. 
Who is highest formal authority in the country (India)?
(a) Prime Minister 
(b) President
(c) Auditor General 
(d) Chief Justice of India
Answer:
(b) President

Question 10. 
The Council of minsters at the centre is responsible to
(a) The President 
(b) The Prime Minister
(c) The Rajya Sabha 
(d) The Lok Sabha
Answer:
(d) The Lok Sabha

 

Question 11. 
The number of minister in a cabinet is
(a) 80 
(b) 60 
(c) 20 
(d) 10
Answer:
(c) 20 

Question 12. 
Which of the following has the power to interpret the constitution?
(a) Supreme Court 
(b) High Court 
(c) Local Court 
(d) All of these
Answer:
(a) Supreme Court 

Question 13. 
Who among the following is a part of the political executive?
(a) District Collector 
(b) Home Minister 
(c) SHO Police 
(d) Civil Servant
Answer:
(b) Home Minister 

Question 14. 
What are the two types of ‘Executives’ in India?
(a) Political Executive 
(b) Permanent Executive
(c) Judicial Executive 
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Question 15. 
What is PIL (Public Interest Litigation)?
(a) Filing a case in the Court in the interest of the Public
(b) Reviewing of Supreme Court Judgements
(c) Procedure of removal of a judge
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Filing a case in the Court in the interest of the Public

Question 16. 
Which body acts as the guardian of Fundamental Rights?
(a) District Courts 
(b) Legislature 
(c) Supreme Court 
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Supreme Court 

Question 17. 
How can a judge of the Supreme Court be removed?
(a) By the Police
(b) By the President
(c) By the Supreme Court
(d) By the Parliament through impeachment
Answer:
(d) By the Parliament through impeachment

Question 18. 
He is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha
(a) Speaker 
(b) Vice President 
(c) President 
(d) Prime Minister
Answer:
(a) Speaker 

Question 19. 
The President of India is elected by
(a) By citizens
(b) Indirect Elections by the Electoral College
(c) The Prime Minister and his council
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Indirect Elections by the Electoral College

Question 20. 
Government formed by an alliance of two or more political parties called
(a) Cooperation government 
(b) Coalition govememnt
(c) Consensus government 
(d) Cooperative government
Answer:
(b) Coalition govememnt

 

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
.............. is the head of state.
Answer:
President

Question 2.
.............. is the head of ‘Government’.
Answer:
Prime Minister

Question 3. 
There are ..............  houses in parliament.
Answer:
two

Question 4. 
The disputes between citizen and government is resolved by .............. 
Answer:
Supreme Court

Question 5. 
Mandal Commission was headed by .............. 
Answer:
B.P. Mandal

True or False:

Question 1. 
People elected for a particular period by the public are called political executive.
Answer:
True

Question 2. 
In India, President can appoint any one as Prime Minister as per his wish.
Answer:
False

Question 3. 
Cabinet Ministers meet to take decisions in the name of the Council of Ministers.
Answer:
False

Question 4. 
In India, where the Prime Minister is the head of the government, the President is the Head of State.
Answer:
True

Question 5. 
Member of Lok Sabha is indirectly elected by people.
Answer:
False

Match the column:

Column A	Column B
(1) Order issued by government of India	(a) Vice-President
(2) Highest formal authority of country	(b) Office Memorandum
(3) Speaker of Rajya Sabha	(c) Lok Sabha
(4) Lower House	(d) Rajya Sabha
(5) Upper hopse	(e) President

Answer: 

Column A	Column B
(1) Order issued by government of India	(b) Office Memorandum
(2) Highest formal authority of country	(e) President
(3) Speaker of Rajya Sabha	(a) Vice-President
(4) Lower House	(c) Lok Sabha
(5) Upper hopse	(c) Lok Sabha

Very Short; Answer Type Questions:

Question 1. 
Name the three organs of the Government.
Answer: 
(i) Executive
(ii) Legislature
(iii) Judiciary

 

Question 2. 
WbatisSEBC?
Answer: 
SEBC is Socially and Economically Backward Classes. SEBC is another name for all those people who belong to castes that are considered backward by the government.

Question 3. 
What is the role of the President in India?
Answer: 
President is the Executive head of the state and is the highest formal authority in the country.

Question 4. 
What are the Prime Minister’s powers in India?
Answer: 
Prime Minister is the head of the Government and actually exercises all Government powers. He takes most of the decisions in the cabinet meetings.

Question 5. 
What do you know about Mandal Commission?
Answer: 
Mandal Commission was asked to determine the criteria to identify the social and educationally backward classes in India and recommend steps to be taken for their advancement.

Question 6. 
What is a Parliament? Name the two houses of the Parliament.
Answer: 
It is the supreme law making body of India. It has two houses  Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.

Question 7.
What are institutions?
Answer: 
The arrangements like Parliament, the Cabinet, and the Supreme Court which are made in modem democracies to run the government.

Question 8. 
State any two powers of the Supreme Court.
Answer: 
(i) It acts as the guardian of fundamental rights.
(ii) It acts as a guardian of the Constitution.

Question 9. 
What is the role of Parliament in law making?
Answer: 
It is the final authority for making laws in any country. Parliaments all over the world can make new laws, change existing laws or abolish existing laws.

Question 10. 
How does Lok Sabha exercise money powers?
Answer: 
The Lok Sabha passes the budget of the government or any other money related law, the Rajya Sabha cannot reject it. The Rajya Sabha can delay it by 14 days or suggest changes in it. The Lok Sabha may or may not accept these changes.

Question 11. 
How does Lok Sabha exercise control over the Council of Ministers?
Answer: 
Lok Sabha controls the council of ministers. If the majority of the Lok Sabha members say that they have ‘no confidence’ in the council of ministers, all ministers including the prime minister, have to quit. The Rajya Sabha does not have this power.

Question 12. 
How are Ministers chosen by the Prime Minister?
Answer: 
The ministers are usually from the party or the coalition that has the majority in the Lok Sabha. The Prime Minister is free to choose ministers, as long as they are members of parliament.

Question 13. 
What is the Council of Ministers? 
Answer:
Council of Ministers is the official name for the body that includes all the ministers. It wholly has 60 to 80 ministers of different ranks.

 

Question 14. 
Explain ‘No Confidence Motion’.
Answer: 
Only a person who enjoys the support of the majority of the members of the Lok Sabha is appointed as the Prime Minister. If a No Confidence Motion is moved in the Lok Sabha, and passed then, the Government has to resign.

Question 15.
 What is the tenure of the Prime Minister?
Answer: 
The Prime Minister does not have a fixed tenure. Normally a Prime Minister is elected for 5 years, but remains in power till he enjoys the majority support.

Question 16. 
Who are Ministers of State with independent charge?
Answer: 
Ministers of State with independent charge are usually in-charge of smaller Ministries. They participate in the cabinet meetings only when specially insisted.

Question 17. 
Why is parliamentary democracy in most countries often known as the cabinet form of government?
Answer: The cabinet works as a team. The ministers may have different views and opinions but everyone has to own upto every decision of the cabinet.

Question 18. 
Which courts are covered under Indian Judiciary?
Answer: 
The Indian Judiciary consists of a Supreme Court for the entire nation, High courts in the states and District courts and the courts at the local level.

Question 19. 
Who are the Ministers of State? Write any one function of these minister.
Answer: 
Ministers of State are the part of the Council of Ministers.
Function: They are attached to and are required to assist Cabinet Ministers.

Question 20. 
What is a coalition government?
Answer: 
A government formed by an alliance of two or more political parties, usually when no single party enjoys majority support of the members in a legislature.

Question 21. 
Which is the highest Court in India?
Answer: 
The Supreme Court.

Question 22. 
Who are the top level leader’s in the Lok Sabha?
Answer: 
Cabinet Ministers.

Question 23. 
Which house has more power in money matter?
Answer: 
The lower house, Lok Sabha or the house of people has more powers in money matters.

Question 24. 
Which institution can make changes to an existing law of our country?
Answer: 
The Parliament, through constitutional amendment makes changes to the existing laws of our country.

Question 25. 
What is the length of the term of a government of India?
Answer: 
It is of 5 years.

Question 26. 
Name the institutions that take all important policy decisions.
Answer: 
The Prime Minister and the Cabinet.

Question 27. 
Who appoints the Chief Justice of India and the other judges?
Answer:
The President of India.

Short Answer Type Questions:

Question 1. 
What do you understand by institution? Why democratic governments insist on institutions?
Answer: 
Governing a country involves various types of activites such as formulating policies and implementing them. To attend these activites several arrangements are made in all modern democracies. Such arrangements are known as institutions. 
A democracy works well when these institutions work well.

1. The success of democracy and nation depends on the success of institutions.
2. Through these institutions government can achieve its desired goals.
3. Good decisions are taken by debate and discussions.

Question 2. 
Mention the role of various institutions in Indian democracy.
Answer: 

1. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet are institutions that take all important policy decisions.
2. The Civil Servants, working together, are responsible for taking steps to implement the ministers’ decisions.
3. The Supreme Court is an institution where disputes between citizens and the government are finally settled.

 

Question 3. 
Say how working with institutions is not an easy take.
Answer: 

1. Institutions involve rules and regulations which can bind the hands of leaders.
2. Institutions involve meetings, committees and routines. This leads to delay and complication hence, dealing with institutions can be frustrating.
3. Institutions make it difficult to take good decisions very quickly but they also make it equally difficult to rush through a bad decision.

Question 4. 
Why was the maudal commission appointed by the Indian Government?
Answer: 

1. The government of India had appointed the Second Backward Classes Commission in 1979. It was headed by B.P. Mandal.
2. Hence, it was popularly called the Mandal Commission.
3. It was asked to determine the criteria to identify the Socially and Educationally Backward Classes in India and recommend steps to be taken for their advancement.
4. The Commission gave a report in 1980 and made many recommendations. Atleast 27% of the government jobs to be reserved for the socially and educationally backward classes.

Question 5. 
Why had the Mandal Commission become a debatable issue in India? 
Answer: 
Mandal Commission made recommendation that 27 % of Government jobs should be reserved for the socially and educationally backward classes.

1. People reacted strongly because this decision affected thousands of job opportunities.
2. Others view was that this was unfair as it would deny equality of opportunity to those who did not belong to a backward community.
3.  Some felt that this would hamper national unity.

Question 6. 
Define Parliament.
Answer: 

1. In all democracies an assembly of elected representatives exercises supreme political authority on behalf of the people.
2. In India such a national assembly of elected representatives is called Parliament. At state level this is called legislature or legislative assembly.

Question 7. 
How the powers of Parliament is divided?
Answer: 

1. Most large countries divide the role and powers of the Parliament in two parts.
2. They are called Chambers or Houses.
3. One house is usually directly elected by the people and exercise real power on behalf of the people.
4. The Second House is usually elected indirectly and perform some special function. The most common work for the Second House is to look after the interests of various states, regions and federal units.

Question 8. 
What does Executive mean?
Answer: 

1. At different levels of any government, we find functionaries who take day to day decisions but do not exercise supreme powers on behalf of the people.
2. All those functionaries are collectively known as executive.
3. They are called executive because they are incharge of the ‘execution’ of the policies of the government.Thus, when we talk about “the  government’ we usually mean ‘executive.’

Question 9. 
Classify the executives in a democratic country.
Answer: 
Executives can be classified in two categories
(i) Political Executives.
(ii) Permanent Executives.

(i) Political Executive:
One that is elected by the people for a specific period is called the ‘political executive’. Political leaders who take big decisions fall in this category.

(ii) Permanent Executive:
In this category, people are appointed on a long term basis. They are called the permanent executives or civil servants. They remain in office even when the ruling party changes. These officers work under ministers and assist them in carrying out the day to day administration.

 

Question 10. 
Highlight the role of permanent executives.
Answer: 

1. Permanent executives are also known as civil servants. They are appointed on permanent basis.
2. Permanent executives are usually more educated and have expert knowledge of the subject hence, they help political executives in their day to day administration.
3. Permanent executives also help in implementing the policies of the government.
4. Sometimes the ministers may have very little knowledge about the technical matters of their ministery then they are helped by expert knowledge of civil servants.

Question 11. 
How are ministers appointed?
Answer: 

1. The ministers are usually appointed from the party or from the coalition that has the majority in the Lok Sabha.
2. The Prime Minister is free to choose ministers as long as they are members of Parliament.
3. Sometimes, a person who is not a Member of Parliament can also become ' a Minister. But such a person has to get elected to one of the Houses of Parliament within six months of appointment as minister.

Question 12. 
Write a short note on Cabinet Ministers?
Answer: 

1. Cabinet is formed by the top-level leaders of the ruling party or parties who are incharge of the major ministries.
2. Usually, the Cabinet Ministers meet to take decisions in the name of the Council of Ministers.
3. Cabinet is thus the inner ring of the Council of Ministers. It comprises of about twenty ministers.

Question 13. 
In which way the Cabinet Ministers exercise more powers than the other Ministers.
Answer: 
Cabinet ministers are the top-level leaders of the ruling party or parties, and are in charge of the major ministeries. Ministers of state with independent charge are on the other hand usually in-charge of smaller ministries. The decisions are taken in cabinet meetings and the other ministers have to follow these decision. They attend the cabinet meeting only if they are inivited.

Question 14. 
Parliamentary democracy is also known as cabinet form of government. Give reason.
Answer: 

1. Council of ministers includes 60 to 80 ministers of different ranks.
2. Since it is not practical for all the ministers to meet regularly and discuss everything hence the decisions are taken in cabinet meeting.
3. The Cabinet works as team, the ministers may have different opinions and views but everyone has to own up to every decision of the cabinet.
4. No, ministers can openly criticise the decision of the government. Hence it is known as Cabinet form of government.

Question 15. 
The Prime Ministers is the real executive head of our country’. Analyse the statement.
Answer: 

1. As political parties have come to play a major role in politics, the Prime Minister controls the Cabinet and the parliament through the party.
2. In India, we have a tendency towards the concentration of powers in the hands of the Prime Minister.
3. The President, who is the executive head of India, also takes decision as per the advice of the Prime Minister.
4. The extent of power wielded by a PM also depends on the personality of the person holding that position. For example, Indira Gandhi was a very powerful leader compared to her colleagues in the Cabinet.

Question 16. 
Discuss about the discretionary powers of the President.
Answer: 

1. The President appoints the Prime Minister. When a party or coalition of parties secures a clear majority in the elections, the President has to appoint the leader of the majority party or the coalition that enjoys majority support in the Lok Sabha.

2. When no party or coalition gets a majority in the Lok Sabha, the President exercises his or her discretion. The President appoints a leader who, in her opinion, can muster majority support in the Lok Sabha. In such a case, the President can ask the newly appointed Prime Minister to prove a majority support in the Lok Sabha within a specified time.

 

Question 17. 
Elaborate the term ‘Public Interest Litigation’.
Answer: 

1. In recent years, the courts have given several judgments and directives to protect public interest and human rights.
2. Anyone can approach the courts, if public interest is hurt by the actions of the government. This is called Public Interest Litigation.
3. The courts intervene to prevent the misuse of the government’s power to make decisions. They check malpractices on the part of the public officials.

Long Answer Type Questions:

Question 1. 
Explain the functions and powers of Parliament. 
Answer: 
Following is the major functions and powers of parliament 

A. Legislative power: 
The Parliament can make law on all subjects given in the Union List and Concurrent List. But in some circumstances, it can also make laws on the subjects listed in the state list. It can also make laws on residual matters.

B. Control on finance: 
The annual budget of the federal government is passed by the Parliament. The government can neither levy any tax nor spend anything without the approval of parliament.

C. Executive control: 
Parliament can pass a motion of no confidence against a ministry or government and ask it to resign. Several questions are asked by parliament in order to keep control on the government and its cabinet.

D. Election related work: 
The Parliament elects the President, the Vice¬President, the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

E. Other work:

1. Parliament can make amendment in constitution.
2. The Parliament approves the President’s emergency declaration.
3. It can pass the impeachment motion and remove the President, the Vice , President, the judges of the Supreme Court.

Question 2. 
Discuss the powers and functions of the Supreme Court.
Or
Discuss the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
Answer: 
Powers and functions of Supreme Court

Or

Jurisdiction of Supreme Court
Powers and functions of Supreme Court is discussed in following points.

A. Initial jurisdiction: 
The initial jurisdiction includes those disputes which can be submitted directly to the Supreme Court. These disputes are.

1. Between citizens of the country;
2. Between two or more state government;
3. Between citizens and government; and
4. Between governments at the union and state level.

B. Appellate jurisdiction: 
The Supreme Court is the apex body for appeals in criminal and civil cases. It can hear appeals against the decisions of the High Courts.

C. Consultancy rights: 
The President has right to take advice from Supreme Court, but he is not bound to accept the advice given by it.

D. Guardian of Constitution: 
The Supreme Court also acts as the Protector of the Constitution. They can declare invalid any law of the legislature or the actions of the executive, whether at the Union level or at the state level, if they find such a law or action is against the Constitution.

E. Guardian of Fundamental Rights: 
the Supreme Court also acts as guardian of the Fundamental rights. The citizens have a right to approach the courts to
seek remedy in case of any violation of their rights.

 

Question 3. 
What do you understand by the independence of the judiciary? How has the independence of the judiciary been ensured in India?
Answer: 
Independence of judiciary: 
Independence of the judiciary means that it is  not under the control of the legislature or the executive. The judge will give their decisions free and fair. Independence of judiciary in India

(i)  Appointment of judges: 
The judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts are appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

(ii) Security of tenure or removal from designation: 
The judge of the Supreme Court can continue till the age of 65 and the judge of the High Court till the age of 62 years on their post. They can only be removed passing a motion of impeachment on the grounds of misconduct or disqualification. It is thus clear that the independence of the judiciary has been ensured by ensuring the tenure of judges.

(iii) Powers of judiciary: 
The rights and freedoms of the Indian judiciary give them the ability to act as a guardian of fundamental rights.

Question 4. 
Who appoints the Prime Minister of India? Describe the major powers and functions of the Prime Minister.
Answer: 
Appointment of India’s Prime minister: 
In India the Prime Minister is appointed by the President. The President appoints the leader of the majority party or the coalition of parties that commands a majority in the Lok Sabha, as Prime Minister.
Following is the major powers and functions of the Prime Minister of India:

(i) Formation of cabinet:
the President appoints other ministers on the advice of the Prime Minister. Prime Minister allots the ministry to them i.e. their department is decided by the Prime Minister. He can change the cabinet whenever he wants. If he is not satisfied with the work of a minister, he can ask him to resign.

(ii) Link between cabinet and president:
The Prime Minister acts as a link between the Cabinet and the President. He informs the President about the decisions of the cabinet and all other functions of the government.

(iii) Leader of Lok Sabha, party and nation:
Prime Minister is the leader of Loksabha. He is the official advocate of the policies of the Government in the Lok Sabha. He has a major role in policy formulation of his party. The Prime Minister leads the nation in the international world. He is the leader of the nation. The people of the country listen to his thoughts carefully.

(iv) Key policy determinant: The Prime Minister plays an important role in determining foreign policy. He also determines the internal and external policies of the country.

Question 5. 
Describe the major powers and rights of the President.
Answer: 
Major powers and rights of the President:
Following are the major power and rights of the president
(i) Executive powers: 
The President is the head of the State. The administration of the country is run in his name. All instructions are issued in his name. He appoints prime minister. The President appoints the leader of the majority party or the coalition of parties that commands a majority in the Lok Sabha, as  Prime Minister. When no party or coalition gets a majority in the Lok Sabha, the President exercises his discretion and appoints a leader who in his opinion can muster majority support in the Lok Sabha. The President appoints other ministers on the advice of the Prime Minister.

He gives the oath of office and secrecy. If required* the Prime Minister and other ministers submit their resignations to him. All other major appointments are made in the name of the President. He appoints the Chief Justice of India, judges of the Supreme Court and High Court, governors, election commissioners and ambassadors of other countries etc. All international treaties and agreements are done in his name. The President is the Supreme Commander of the Defense Forces of India. But the President exercises these powers only on the advice of the Council of Ministers. He may ask the Council of Ministers to reconsider the advice. But if he gets the same advice again, he is bound to accept it.

(ii) Legislative powers: 
The President calls the sessions of both the Houses of Parliament. He instructs for a joint session of the two houses. He can dissolve the Lok Sabha before the end of the term on the advice of the Prime Minister. He nominates 12 members of the Rajya Sabha. A bill passed by parliament becomes a law only after President’s assent. He can return a bill to Parliament once for reconsideration.

(iii) Rights of consultation: 
The President has right to take advice from judiciary in relation to any article of constitution. But he is not bound to accept the advice given by judiciary.