RBSE Class 8 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Industries

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 8 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Industries Important Questions and Answers.

RBSE Class 8 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Industries

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. 
The classification of industries based on the use of raw materials includes
(a) Agro-based industry
(b) Mineral-based industry
(c) Marine-based industry
(d) All of the above 
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 2. 
Which of the following industries is a cottage
industry
(a) Basket weaving 
(b) Pottery
(c) Wooden toys 
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 3. 
The industries which are owned and operated by the government are called
(a) Public industries
(b) Private sector industries
(c) Joint sector industries
(d) Cooperative sector industries
Answer:
(a) Public industries

Question 4. 
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited is
(a) Public sector undertaking
(b) Private undertaking
(c) Foreign undertaking
(d) Joint sector undertaking 
Answer:
(a) Public sector undertaking

Question 5. 
Sudha Dairy is
(a) Public undertaking
(b) Foreign undertaking
(c) Co-operative undertaking
(d) Joint sector undertaking
Answer:
(c) Co-operative undertaking

Question 6. 
Factors affecting the location of the industry are
(a) Transport 
(b) Raw material
(c) Labour 
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 7. 
Industrial regions in India are
(a) Ahmedabad-Baroda region
(b) Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region
(c) Vishakhapatnam-Guntur region
(d) All of the above 
Answer:
(d) All of the above 

Question 8. 
Important steel-producing centres in India are
(a) Bhilai 
(b) Durgapur
(c) Jamshedpur 
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 9. 
Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO) was started in
(a) 1901. 
(b) 1907
(c) 1917 
(d) 1927 
Answer:
(b) 1907

Question 10. 
Man-made fibre include
(a) Nylon 
(b) Polyester
(c) Acrylic  
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Fill in the blanks

Question 1.
..................change raw materials into products of more value to people.
Answer:
Manufacturing

Question 2. 
..................based industries use products from the sea and oceans as raw materials.
Answer:
Marine 

Question 3.
..................based industries utilise forest produce as raw materials.
Answer:
Forest 

Question 4. 
Emerging industries are also known as ..................
Answer:
sunrise industries

Question 5.
..................is often referred to as the “Manchester of India”.
Answer:
Ahmedabad.

State True or False

Question 1. 
Dairy products and leather industries are examples of agro-based industries.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Silk weaving and food processing industries are large scale industries.
Answer:
False

Question 3. 
Industrial systems include inputs, processes and outputs.
Answer:
True

Question 4. 
The iron and steel industry is a new emerging industry.
Answer:
False

Question 5. 
Osaka is known as the “Manchester of India”.
Answer:
False

Match Correctly

(a)	(b)
Jet airways	Public sector
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited	Private sector
Maruti Udyog Limited	Co-operative venture
Sudha Dairy	Joint sector

Answer:

(a)	(b)
Jet airways	Private sector
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited	Public sector
Maruti Udyog Limited	Joint sector
Sudha Dairy	Co-operative venture

 

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Explain the classification of industries on the basis of raw materials?
Answer:
On the basis of raw materials industries are classified as agro-based, mineral-based, marine-based and forest-based industries.

Question 2. 
Name any two forest-based industries. 
Answer:

1. Pulp and paper industry.
2. Furniture industry. 

Question 3.
What do you mean by cooperative sector industries?
Answer:
Co-operative sector industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both.

Question 4. 
When does an industrial region emerge? 
Answer:
Industrial regions emerge when a number of industries locate close to each other and share the benefits of their closeness.

Question 5. 
What is smelting?
Answer:
Smelting is the process in which metals are extracted from their ores by heating beyond the melting point.

Question 6. 
Name any two major industries of the world.
Answer:

1. Iron and steel industry.
2. Cotton textile industry.

Question 7. 
Name two major hubs of the information technology industry.
Answer:

1. Silicon Valley of Central California. 
2. Bangalore region of India.

Question 8. 
What are sunrise industries?
Answer:
Emerging industries are also known as sunrise industries. These include information technology, wellness, hospitality and knowledge. 

Question 9. 
Name the only iron and steel plant established in India before independence.
Answer:
Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO) in Jamshedpur.

Question 10. 
Which textile centre of Japan is known as the “Manchester of Japan”?
Answer:
Osaka in Japan is known as the “Manchester of Japan”.

Question 11. 
Tell something about the origin of the word ‘textile’.
Answer:
The term textile is derived from the Latin word textile which means to weave.

Question 12. 
When and where was the first textile mill in the country established? 
Answer:
The first textile mill in the country was established at Fort Gloster near Kolkata in 1818 but it closed down after some time.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Explain the different types of industries based on the raw materials. 
Answer:
Depending on the raw materials, industries are classified into four types
(1) Agro-based industries:
These industries use plant and animal-based products as their raw materials.

(2) Mineral-based industries:
They use mineral ore as their raw materials.

(3) Marine-based industries:
These industries use products from the sea and oceans as raw materials.

(4) Forest-based industries:
They utilise forest produce as raw materials.

Question 2. 
Explain the classification of industries based on their size.
Answer:
On the basis of size, industries can be classified into two types:
(1) Small scale industries:
Small scale industries use a lesser amount of capital and technology and produce a small amount of products. 
Example: silk weaving and food processing industries.

(2) Large scale industries:
These industries use higher investment capital and superior technology. 
Example: steel industry and automobiles industry.

Question 3. 
Explain the classification of industries on the basis of ownership.
Answer:
On the basis of ownership, industries are classified on the following four types:
(1) Private sector industries:
These industries are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals.

(2) Public sector industries:
These industries are owned and operated by the government.

(3) Joint sector industries:
These industries are owned and operated by the state and individual or a group of individuals.

(4) Co-operative sector industries:
These industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both.

Question 4. 
Write a brief note on the factors affecting the location of industries.
Answer:
The factors affecting the location of industries are the availability of raw material, land, water, labour, power, capital, transport and market. Industries are situated where some or all of these factors are easily available. Sometimes, the government provides incentives like subsidised power, lower transport cost and, other infrastructure so that industries may be located in backward areas. Industrialisation often 
leads to the development and growth of towns and cities.

Question 5. 
Write a brief note on the industrial system.
Answer:
An industrial system consists of inputs, processes and outputs. The inputs are the raw materials, labour and costs of land, transport, power and other infrastructure. The processes include a wide range of activities that convert the raw material into finished products. The outputs are the end product and the income earned from it. In the case of the textile industry die inputs may be cotton, human labour/factory and transport cost. The processes include ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing and printing. The output is the shirt you wear.

Question 6. 
Write the measures for reducing risk in industries.
Answer:
Measures for reducing risk in the industries are as follows:

1. Densely populated residential areas should be separated far away from the industrial areas.
2. People staying in the vicinity of industries should be aware of the storage of toxins or hazardous substances and their possible effects in case an accident occurs.
3. Fire warning and the fighting system should be improved.
4. The storage capacity of toxic substances should be limited.
5. Pollution dispersion qualities in the industries should be improved.

Question 7. 
Write a short note on the information technology industry.
Answer:
The information technology industry is an upcoming industry in the present era. These are also known as sunrise industries. The major hubs of the information technology industry are the Silicon Valley of central California and the Bangalore region of India.

Question 8. 
Write a brief note on industrial regions.
Answer:
Industrial regions emerge when a number of industries locate close to each other and share the benefits of their closeness. Major industrial regions of the world are eastern North America, western and central Europe, eastern Europe and eastern Asia. Major industrial regions tend to be located in the temperate areas, near seaports and especially near coalfields.
 
Question 9. 
What do you know about Great Lakes? 
Answer:
Great Lakes are situated in northern America. It includes 5 lakes and the names are:

1. Superior, 
2. Huron, 
3. Ontario, 
4. Michigan and 
5. Erie. 

Lake Superior is the largest of these five lakes. It lies higher upstream than others.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
What is the industry? Explain the different types of industries.
Answer:
Industry refers to economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services.
Classification of industries:
Industries can be classified on the basis of raw materials, size and ownership.
(a) Industries based on the use of raw materials:
On the basis of the use of raw materials, industries are classified into the following four types:

1. Agro-based industries use plant and animal-based products as their raw materials. Food processing, vegetable oil, cotton textile, dairy products and leather industries are examples of agro-based industries.
2. Mineral-based industries are primary industries that use mineral ores as their raw materials. 
3. Example: Railway coaches.
4.  Marine based industries use products from the sea and oceans as raw materials. Industries processing seafood or manufacturing fish oil are some examples.
5. Forest-based industries utilise forest produce as raw materials. The industries associated with forests are pulp and paper, pharmaceuticals, furniture and buildings.

(b) Industries on the basis of size:
It refers to the amount of capital invested, the number of people employed and the volume of production. Based on the size, industries can be classified into two groups:

1. Small scale industries:
These industries use a lesser amount of capital and technology. These industries produce small volumes of products.

 2. Large scale industries: 
These industries use a large amount of capital and superior technology and produce large volumes of products.

(c) Industries on the basis of ownership:
Based on ownership industries can be classified into 4 different groups:
1. Private sector industries:
These industries are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals.

2. Public sector industries:
These industries are owned and operated by the government.

3. Joint sector industries:
These industries are owned and operated by the state and individuals or a group of individuals. 
Example: Maruti Udyog Limited.

4. Co-operative sector industries:
These industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both. Example: Anand Milk Union Limited. 

Question 2. 
Describe the iron and steel industry and also describe any two states of the world with iron and steel.
OR
Write a note about the iron and steel industry. 
Answer:
Iron and steel industry:
It is an important industry. Without this industry, the development of other industries is not possible, hence this industry is called the backbone of modem industries. The process of converting iron ore into steel involves many stages. Many alloys are made by adding steel. Iron and steel industries are located in Germany, the USA, China, Japan and Russia. Almost everything we use is generally., made up of steel.
example: machines, tools, ships, trains, etc.

Before 1800 A.D. iron and steel industry was located where raw materials, power supply and running water were easily available. After 1950, the iron and step industry began to be located on large areas of flat land near seaports. In India, the iron and steel industry has developed taking advantage of raw materials, cheap labour, transport and market. All the important steel-producing centres such as Bhilai, Durgapur, Bumper, Jamshedpur, Rourkela, and Bokaro are situated in a region that spreads over four

states:
West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha and Chhattisgarh. Bhadravati and Vijay Nagar in Karnataka, Vaishakhapatnani in Andhra Pradesh, and Salem in Tamil Nadu are other important steel centres utilising local resources.

Jamshedpur:
Before 1947, there was only one iron and steel plant in the country - Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO). It was privately owned. After Independence, the government took the initiative and set up several iron and steel plants. TISCO was started in 1907 at Sakchi, near the confluence of the rivers Subamarekha and Kharkai in Jharkhand. Later on, Sakchi was renamed Jamshedpur. Geographically, Jamshedpur is the most conveniently situated iron and steel centre in the country.

Pittsburgh:
It is an important steel city in the United States of America. The steel industry in Pittsburgh enjoys locational advantages. Some of the raw material such as coal is available locally, while the iron ore comes from the iron mines in Minnesota, about 1500 km from Pittsburgh.

The Pittsburgh area has many factories other than steel mills. These use steel as their raw material to make many different products such as railroad equipment, heavy machinery and rails.

Question 3. 
Describe the cotton textile industry and also describe any two states in the world that produces cotton clothes.
OR
Write a note on the cotton and textile industries.
Answer:
Cotton textile industry:
Weaving cloth from yam is an ancient art. Cotton, wool, silk, jute, and flax have been used for making cloth. The textile industry can be divided On die basis of raw materials used in them. Fibres are the raw material of the textile industry. Fibres can be natural or man-made. Natural fibres are obtained from wool, silk, cotton, linen and jute. Man-made fibres include nylon, polyester, acrylic and rayon. The cotton textile industry is one of the oldest industries in the world. Till the industrial revolution in the 18th century, cotton cloth was made using hand-spinning techniques (wheels) and looms. Today India, China, Japan and the USA are important producers of cotton textiles.

India has a glorious tradition of producing excellent quality cotton textiles. The first successful mechanized textile mill was established in Mumbai in 1854. Initially, this industry flourished in the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat because of the favourable humid climate. Coimbatore, Kanpur, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Kolkata, Ludhiana, Puducherry and Panipat are some of the other important centres. 

Ahmedabad : 
It is located in Gujarat on the banks of the Sabarmati river. The first mill was established in 1859. It soon became the second-largest textile city in India, after Mumbai. Ahmedabad was, therefore, often referred to as the “Manchester of India”. Favourable locational factors were responsible for the development of the textile industry in Ahmedabad. But in recent years, Ahmedabad textile mills have been having some problems. Several textile mills have closed down.

Osaka : 
It is an important textile centre of Japan, also known as the “Manchester of Japan”. The textile industry developed in Osaka due to several geographical factors. The extensive plain around Osaka ensured that land was easily available for the growth of cotton mills. The warm humid climate is well suited to spinning and weaving. The river Yodo provides sufficient water for the mills. Cotton is imported from Egypt, India, China and USA. The finished product is mostly exported.