RBSE Class 8 Social Science Important Questions Civics Chapter 6 Understanding Our Criminal Justice System

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 8 Social Science Important Questions Civics Chapter 6 Understanding Our Criminal Justice System Important Questions and Answers.

RBSE Class 8 Social Science Important Questions Civics Chapter 6 Understanding Our Criminal Justice System

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. 
According to which article of the Constitution, every person should have the fundamental right to defend himself through a lawyer
(a) Article 22 
(b) Article 21
(c) Article 39 
(d) Article 23
Answer:
(a) Article 22

Question 2. 
The person who pleads the case in court on behalf of the government is called
(a) Police Inspector
(b) Public Prosecutor
(c) Defence Lawyer
(d) Judge 
Answer:
(b) Public Prosecutor

Question 3.
A complaint received about a crime is investigated by
(a) Public Prosecutor
(b) Police
(c) Army 
(d) Judiciary  
Answer:
(b) Police

Question 4. 
When the police complete the investigation and file the charge sheet in the court, the pole begins for
(a) Public Prosecutor
(b) Judge 
(c) Defence Counsel
(d) All the above three 
Answer:
(d) All the above three

Question 5. 
Determines whether the accused is really guilty or not
(a) Police Inspector
(b) Public Prosecutor
(c) Defence Lawyer
(d) Judge 
Answer:
(d) Judge 

Question 6. 
Which Article of the Constitution assures the right to life?
(a) Article 16 
(b) Article 20
(c) Article 21
(d) Article 22 
Answer:
(c) Article 21

Question 7. 
F.I.R. is mentioned with
(a) the date of the incident
(b) the time of the incident
(c) the place of the incident
(d) All of the above 
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 8. 
The rules formed regarding the arrest, detention, and interrogation of any person are called
(a) Anurag Basu Guidelines  
(b) Jyoti Basu Guidelines
(c) D.K. Basu Guidelines
(d) None of the above 
Answer:
(c) D.K. Basu Guidelines

Question 9. 
By which Article of the Constitution, the responsibility of providing advocacy for the poor has been entrusted to the state? 
(a) Article 21 
(b) Article 39-A
(c) Article 22 
(d) Article 40 
Answer:
(b) Article 39-A

Question 10. 
Judges pronounce the case
(a) based on the evidence presented in the court
(b) based on the story told by the police
(c) based on the socio-economic status of the accused
(d) based on the socio-economic status of the victim 
Answer:
(a) based on the evidence presented in the court

Fill in the blanks

Question 1. 
Every individual charged with a ................ has to be given a fair trial.
Answer:
crime

Question 2. 
To investigate any complaint about the commission of a crime is the function of the................
Answer:
police

Question 3.
It is with the registration of an................that the police can begin their investigations into a crime.
Answer:
F.I.R

Question 4. 
The ...................is like an umpire in a game.
Answer:
judge

Question 5. 
Everyone is equal before the ................
Answer:
law

State True or False

Question 1. 
It is the police who decide whether a person is guilty or not.
Answer:
False

Question 2. 
Police, Public prosecutors, Defence lawyers, and judges, these four officers are the main people in the criminal justice system.
Answer:
True

Question 3. 
Police have the right to torture, beat, or shoot anyone during the investigation.
Answer:
False

Question 4. 
In court, the public prosecutor presents the state’s side.
Answer:
True
 
Question 5. 
If the accused is found guilty, die judge. pronounces the sentence.
Answer:
True
 
Match Correctly

(a)	(b)
Crime investigation	Judge
Pass the judgment	Public Prosecutor
From State’s side	Defence Lawyer
To cross-examine prosecution witnesses	Police

Answer:

(a)	(b)
Crime investigation	Police
Pass the judgment	Judge
From State’s side	Public Prosecutor
To cross-examine prosecution witnesses	Defence Lawyer

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
To whom do we inform, when we see someone violating the law?
Answer:
We inform the police.

Question 2. 
Who are the major people in the criminal justice system?
Answer: 
In the criminal justice system, the major people are

1. Police, 
2. Public Prosecutor, 
3. Defense Lawyer and 
4. Judge.

Question 3. 
What is the role of the police in the criminal justice system?
Answer: 
The role of police in the criminal justice system is to investigate any complaint about the commission of a crime and if the evidence points to the guilty of the accused person, then they file a charge sheet in the court.

Question 4. 
What should the police keep in mind while investigating?
Answer: 
Police should act according to the law, D.K. Basu Guidelines and human rights while investigating.

Question 5. 
What is ensured in a fair trial?
Answer: 
A fair trial ensures that Article 21 of the Constitution is upheld.

Question 6. 
What is stated in Article 21?
Answer: 
Article 21 guarantees the Right to Life and states that a person’s life or liberty can be taken away only by following a reasonable and just legal procedure.

Question 7. 
When can the police start investigating a crime?
Answer: 
Police can begin their investigations into a crime only after the registration of an F.I.R. (First Information Report).

Question 8. 
Whose side does the Public Prosecutor represent in court?
Answer: 
The Public Prosecutor in the court represents the favor of the state.

Question 9. 
What right the police does not have during the investigation?
Answer: 
Police do not have the right to torture, beat, or shoot anyone during the investigation. 

Question 10. 
Who cannot be called to the police station only for questioning?
Answer: 
A boy under 15 years of age and a woman cannot be called to the police station only for questioning.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
What is the role of the police in investigating a crime?
Answer: 
Role of police in investigating a crime:
One important function of the police is to investigate any complaint about the commission of a crime. An investigation includes recording statements of witnesses and collecting different kinds of evidence. On the basis of the investigation, the police are required to form an opinion. If the police think that the evidence points to the guilt of the accused person, then they file a charge- sheet in the court.

Question 2. 
What should the police keep in mind while conducting an investigation?
Answer: 
Police investigations always have to be conducted in accordance with law and with full respect for human rights. The Supreme Court has laid down guidelines that die police must follow at the time of arrest, detention, and interrogation. The police are not allowed to torture or beat or shoot anyone during the investigation.

Question 3. 
What fundamental rights does the arrested person have?
Answer: 
Article 22 of the Constitution and criminal law guarantee to every arrested person the following Fundamental Rights :

1. The Right to be informed at the time of arrest of the offense for which the person is being arrested.
2. The Right to be presented before a magistrate within 24 hours of arrest.
3. The Right not to be ill-treated or tortured during arrest or in custody.
4. Confessions made in police custody cannot be used as evidence against the accused.

Question 4. 
What is an F.I.R.?
Answer: 
It is with the registration of an FIR that the police can begin their investigations into a crime. The law states that it is compulsory for an officer in charge of a police station to register an FIR whenever a person gives information all out a cognizable offense. This information can be given to the police either orally or in writing. The FIR usually mentions the date, time, and place of the offense, and details the basic fact£ of the offense, including a description of the events. If known, the identity of the accused persons and witnesses is also mentioned. The FIR also states the n^ime and address of the complainant. There is a prescribed form in which the police register an FIR and it is signed by the complainant. The complainant also has a legal right to get a free copy of the FIR from the police.

Question 5. 
What is the role of the Public Prosecutor in the criminal justice system?
Answer: 
In court, it is the Public Prosecutor who represents die interests of the State. The role of the Prosecutor begins once the police have conducted the investigation and filed the charge sheet in the court. The Prosecutor must conduct the prosecution on behalf of the State. As an officer of the court, it is his/her duty to act impartially and present the full and material facts, witnesses, and evidence before dying court to enable the court to decide the case.

Question 6. 
Clarify the role of judges in the criminal justice system.
Answer: 
The judge conducts the trial impartially and in an open court. The judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the prosecution and the defense. The judge decides whether the accused person is guilty or innocent on the basis of the evidence presented and in accordance with the law. If the accused is convicted, then the judge pronounces the sentence. He may send the person to jail or impose a fine or both, depending on what the law prescribes. 

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Summarise the case of Shanti given in the storyboard of the textbook for a fair and open trial.
Answer: 
The case of Shanti in court is explained under the following points
(1) Offering the Charge-sheet:
Shanti was first given a copy of the charge sheet and all the evidence that the prosecution had presented against her in court. Shanti was charged with theft, which is a crime by law.

(2) Open Court:
The trial was conducted before the public in open court. Shanti’s brother Sushil was present in the court proceedings. The trial was conducted in the presence of the accused. Shanti was defended by a lawyer. Shanti’s advocate Roy was given the opportunity to cross-examine all the witnesses presented by the prosecution and advocate Roy was given the right to present witnesses on behalf of Shanti.

(3) Commencement of Trial of the accused as innocent:
Although the police had registered a case of theft against Shanti, the judge went on trial assuming her innocent. Now the prosecution had to prove conclusively that Shanti is the culprit. The prosecution could not do so in this trial.

(4) Judgment of the Judge:
The judge gave the verdict on the basis of the evidence presented before the court. The judge’s conduct was consistently fair and since the evidence proved that some youths had stolen instead of Shanti, so Shanti was acquitted of the charge of theft. Shanti got justice because she was given a fair trial.

Question 2. 
What guidelines have the Supreme Court given to the police regarding the arrest, detention, and interrogation of any person?
Or
Describe the D.K. Basu Guidelines.
Answer: 
The Supreme Court of India has laid down specific requirements and procedures that the police and other agencies have to follow for the arrest, detention, and interrogation of any person. These are known as the D.K. Basu Guidelines and some of these include :
1. The police officials who carry out the arrest or interrogation should wear clear, accurate, and visible identification and name tags with their designations.

2. A memo of arrest should be prepared at the time of arrest and should include the time and date of arrest. It should also be attested by at least one witness who could include a family member of the person arrested. The arrest memo should be counter-signed by the person arrested.

3. The person arrested, detained, or being interrogated has a right to inform a relative, friend, or well-wisher.

4. When a friend or relative lives outside the district, the time, place of arrest, and venue of custody must be notified by police within 8 to 12 hours after arrest.