RBSE Class 7 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 7 Human Environment: Settlement, Transport and Communication

These comprehensive RBSE Class 7 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 7 Human Environment: Settlement, Transport and Communication will give a brief overview of all the concepts.

RBSE Class 7 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 7 Human Environment: Settlement, Transport and Communication

→ Settlements

• Settlements were made with humans starting agriculture. The settlements grew near the river valleys. Settlement flourished and civilizations developed near river valleys.
• Settlements can be permanent or temporary.
• From the above sentences we can identify two different pictures of settlements : the rural and the urban settlements.

→ Rural settlement: The villages are rural settlement where people are engaged in activities like agriculture, fishing, forestry, crafts work and trading etc. Urban settlements : The towns are small and the cities are larger urban settlements. In urban areas the people are engaged in manufacturing, trading, and services.

→ Transport: Transport is the means by which people and goods move.

→ Animals for transport: In our country donkeys, mules, bullocks and camels are common. The four major means of transport are roadways, waterways and airways.

• Roadways : The most commonly used means of transport especially for short distances are roads. They can be metalled (pucca) and unmetalled. Roads have also been build in terrains like deserts, forests and even high mountains.
• Railways : The railways carry heavy goods and people over long distances quickly and cheaply.
• Waterways : Waterways are the cheapest for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances. They are mainly of two types-inland waterways and sea routes.
• Airways : This is the fastest way of transport developed in the early twentieth century. It is also the most expensive due to high cost of fuels. Air traffic is adversely affected by bad weather like fog and storms. It is the only mode of transport to reach the most remote and distant areas especially, where there are no roads and railways.

→ Communication

• Communication is the process of conveying messages to others.
• Through newspapers, radio and television we can communicate with a large number of people. They are therefore called mass media.
• The satellites have made communication even faster.
• Internet and cellular phenes are the popular means of communication today.