RBSE Class 7 Science Important Questions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Rajasthan Board  RBSE Class 7 Science Important Questions Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants Important Questions and Answers.

RBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Important Questions Transportation in Animals and Plants

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. 
Blood cells that carry oxygen are called:
(a) Platelets
(b) RBCs
(c) WBCs 
(d) All of these
Answer:
(b) RBCs

Question 2. 
Different types of blood vessels are :
(a) arteries 
(b) veins
(c) capillaries 
(d) all of these
Answer:
(d) all of these

Question 3. 
The two upper chambers of the heart are called:
(a) atria 
(b) ventricles
(c) vena cava 
(d) aorta
Answer:
(a) atria

Question 4. 
Organisms that excrete uric acid as the waste product are referred to as :
(a) ureotelic 
(b) uricotelic 
(c) ammonotelic 
(d) none of these
Answer:
(b) uricotelic

Question 5. 
The semi-solid excreta, excreted by snakes is called:
(a) uric acid 
(b) urea
(c) ammonia 
(d) all of these
Answer:
(a) uric acid

Question 6. 
The transport system in most autotrophs is:
(a) blood circulation
(b) xylem and phloem
(c) gills and trachea
(d) water circulation
Answer:
(b) xylem and phloem

Fill in the blanks

Question 1. 
The parts involved in excretion from the.....................system.
Answer:
excretory

Question 2.  
.....................is the chief excretory product of humans.
Answer:
Urea

Question 3. 
Organisms that excrete ammonia are referred to as......................
Answer:
ammonia telic

Question 4.  
.....................discovered the circulation of blood.
Answer:
William Harvey

Question 5.  
.....................membrane is used for artificial kidney dialysis.
Answer:
Semi-permeable
 
State Whether True or False

Question 1. 
The circulatory fluid in a human being is water.
Answer:
False

Question 2. 
All animals have blood.
Answer:
True
 
Question 3. 
WBCs are called soldiers of the body.
Answer:
True

 
Question 4. 
Platelets are responsible for clotting.
Answer:
True

Question 5. 
Veins are thick-walled and deep-seated.
Answer:
False

Match the following

Column I	Column II
1. Haemoglobin	(a) Lower chambers of the heart
2. Ammonia	(b) WBC
3. Uric acid	(c) Bean shaped
4. Kidney	(d) RBC
5. Stomata	(e) Lizards
6. Atria	(f) Fishes
7. Ventricles	(g) Platelets
8. Blood clotting	(h) Absorption
9. Defense mechanism	(i) Upper chambers of the heart
10. Hydra	(j) No circulatory system

Answer:

Column I	Column II
1. Haemoglobin	(d) RBC
2. Ammonia	(f) Fishes
3. Uric acid	(e) Lizards
4. Kidney	(c) Bean shaped
5. Stomata	(h) Absorption
6. Atria	(i) Upper chambers of the heart
7. Ventricles	(a) Lower chambers of the heart
8. Blood clotting	(g) Platelets
9. Defense mechanism	(b) WBC
10. Hydra	(j) No circulatory system

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Name the four chambers of the heart.
Answer:
The four chambers of the heart are : 

1. Right atrium 
2. Left atrium 
3. Right ventricle 
4. Left ventricle.

Question 2. 
Define blood. 
Answer:
Blood is a red coloured fluid that flows in blood vessels and circulates through the body, carrying nutrients and oxygen and removing waste materials.

Question 3. 
What is a pulse rate of a normal person?
Answer:
A normal person usually has a pulse rate between 72-80 beats per minute.

Question 4. 
What is the function of the pulmonary vein?
Answer:
The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

Question 5. 
What will happen, if there is no haemoglobin in the blood?
Answer:
If there is no haemoglobin, it will be difficult to transport oxygen to all the cells of the body.

Question 6. 
Who discovered the circulation of blood?
Answer:
The English physician, William Harvey (A.D. 1578-1657), discovered the circulation of blood.

Question 7. 
What is the size of our hearts?
Answer:
Normally, a healthy heart is roughly the size of our fist or slightly larger than a first.

Question 8. 
Define excretion.
Answer:
The process of removal of wastes produced in the cells of the living organisms is called excretion.

Question 9. 
Name a few products excreted by plants.
Answer:
Gums, resins and latex are a few products excreted by plants.

Question 10. 
Why excretion is an important process?
Answer:
Excretion is an important process because it helps in eliminating toxic waste.

Question 11. 
On what principle do artificial kidneys work?
Answer:
Artificial kidneys work on the principle of filtration.

Question 12. 
Write the constituents of urine? 
Answer:
The urine consists of 95% water, 2.5% urea and 2.5% other waste products.

Question 13. 
What are the functions of sweat? 
Answer:
Sweat helps in removing excess salts and water from the body. It also causes a cooling effect.

Question 14. 
What happens to the useful substances, when they reach the kidneys? 
Answer:
The useful substances are absorbed back into the blood when they reach the kidneys.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
What is the circulatory system?
Answer:
The transport system carries materials like carbon dioxide, oxygen and nutrients to the different parts of the body with the help of circulating fluid i.e., blood. 

Question 2. 
Where is the heart located? What is its role?
Answer:
The heart is a muscular organ which beats continuously and acts as a pump. It is located in the chest cavity with its lower tip slightly tilted towards the left. It transports blood throughout the body. It supplies oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes.

Question 3. 
What is the device used to amplify the sound of the heart? Explain its parts.
Answer:
The stethoscope is a device used to amplify the sound of the heart. It consists of a chest piece that carries a sensitive diaphragm, two earpieces and a tube joining the parts.

Question 4. 
Veins have valves which allow blood to flow only in one direction. Arteries do not have valves. Yet the blood flows in one direction only. Can you explain why?
Answer:
Veins have valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards. Arteries also carry blood only in one direction but they do not have valves. This is because the blood flows through them at high pressure. Due to high pressure, blood does not come backwards. Their thick and elastic walls can withstand the high pressure of blood. 

Question 5. 
While learning to ride a bicycle, Siya lost her balance and fell, she got bruises on her knees and they started bleeding. However, the bleeding stopped after some time. 

1. Why did the bleeding stop?
2. What would be the colour of the wounded area and why?
3. Which type of blood cells is responsible for the clotting of blood?

Answer:

1. A wound stopped bleeding due to the process of dot formation.
2. The wounded area becomes dark red in colour due to the clotting of blood.
3. A blood clot is formed due to the presence of the cells called platelets in the blood.

Question 6. 
What is the special feature present in the human heart that does not allow the oxygen and carbon dioxide-rich blood to mix?
Answer:
The left side of the heart is completely separated from its right side by means of a partition called a septum. This septum prevents the mixing of oxygenated blood on the left side with the deoxygenated blood on the right side.

Question 7. 
Animals such as sponges and hydra do not possess any circulatory system. What is the medium of transportation in such animals?
Answer:
Animals such as sponges and hydra do not possess any circulatory system. The water in which they live, brings food and oxygen. It enters their bodies and carries away waste materials and carbon dioxide as it moves out. Thus, these animals do not need circulatory fluid like blood.

Question 8. 
What are the consequences of kidney failure?
Answer:
Kidney failure can be due to a certain infection or injuries. As a result of kidney failure, waste products start accumulating in the blood. Such a person cannot survive unless their blood is filtered periodically through an artificial process called dialysis. 

Question 9. 
Can you guess how water moves from roots to leaves?
Answer:
The xylem forms a continuous network of channels that connects roots to the leaves through the stem and branches and thus transports water to the entire plant.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Write the differences between veins and arteries.
Answer:
Differences between veins and arteries:

Veins	Arteries
Carry deoxygenated blood(except pulmonary vein).	Carry oxygenated blood(except pulmonary artery)
Thin-walled	Thick-walled
Brings blood towards	Carries blood away from the heart
Superficial	Deep-seated

Question 2. 
Explain the process of excretion. 
Answer:
Excretion is the mechanism to filter the blood. This is done by the blood capillaries in the kidneys. When the blood reaches the two kidneys, it contains both useful and harmful substances. The useful substances are absorbed back into the blood. The wastes dissolved in water are removed as urine. From the kidneys, the urine goes into the urinary bladder through tube-like ureters, it is stored in the bladder and is passed out through the urinary opening at the end of the muscular tube called the urethra.

Question 3. 
What is kidney transplantation? 
Answer:
A disease may damage the kidneys so severely that they totally lose their function and this can lead to total renal failure. Under such conditions, a kidney is obtained from another person and transplanted into the patient. If the body of the patient accepts the transplanted kidney, it may last for 10-15 years. 

Question 4. 
Water is being pulled up by a motor pump to an overhead tank of a five-storey building. It has been observed that water moves up to great heights in the tall trees standing next to the buildings. Can you correlate both these activities?
Answer:
When the water is pulled up by a motor pump to an overhead tank of a five-storey building, it moves to a great height due to the suction pull created by the pump. This pull forms a continuous column of water and water rises up to great heights. Similarly, when transpiration occurs in the leaves of a tall tree, water is evaporated through the pores called stomata. The continuous evaporation creates a suction force. Due to this suction force, water from the soil rises up through the roots of the plants and reaches a great height in tall trees. 

Question 5. 
Like humans and animals, transportation of water, mineral and nutrients also take place in plants. How?
Answer:
Transport of Substances in Plants : 
Plants take up water and dissolved minerals from the soil through their roots and transport it to their leaves. The leaves use this water and mineral for synthesizing their food by the process called photosynthesis. The food produced by green plants is transported back to all the parts of the plant body.

Transport of Water Minerals :
Plant root absorbs the water and mineral from the soil. The roots possess root hair which increases the surface area of the root for absorption of water and minerals nutrient that is dissolved in the water.

It is moved from roots up to the stem and leaves through the tube-like tissue called as xylem. The absorption and flow of water is a continuous process through the xylem tissue. Xylem tissues are the continuous network of channels which connect roots to the leaves through the stem and branches. It thus transports water and minerals to the leaves of the entire plant.

Transport of Food Material : 
The food manufactured in the leaf is transported to different parts of plants. This transportation of food material from leaves to the other parts of plants is carried out by the tissue called phloem and the process of transport of food material is called translocation. The phloem consists of vessels that are known as sieve tubes.

Question 6. 
Blood from the heart is carried by a certain tube-like structure. What are they?
Answer:
These are tubes or pipes that carry blood throughout the body. It runs between the heart and the rest of the body. There are three major types of blood vessels in the body, i.e., arteries, veins and capillaries.

1. Arteries : 
These carry blood from the heart to all the parts of the body. These he quite deep under our skin and cannot be seen easily. Arteries have thick elastic walls as the blood flows at high pressure due to pumping action from the heart through arteries. No valves are present in the arteries. In the lungs the main artery, i.e., the aorta is connected to the left ventricle of the heart.

It carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to all the parts of the body except the lungs. Another artery called the pulmonary artery is connected to the right ventricle of the heart and carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
Note : 
The arteries normally carry oxygenated blood from the heart but one artery called the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

2. Veins :
These are the blood vessels that carry blood from all the parts of the body back to the heart. These tube-like blood vessels are situated just under the skin and can easily be seen as greenish-blue tubes or lines below the skin. These carry deoxygenated blood from the body parts to the heart. Veins have thin walls and blood flows at low pressure through the veins. Therefore, veins have valves in them which allow the blood to flow in one direction and prevent the backflow of blood in veins. Usually, veins carry deoxygenated blood but the pulmonary vein that is connected to the left atrium of the heart carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.