RBSE Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Economics Chapter 2 Sectors of Indian Economy

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Economics Chapter 2 Sectors of Indian Economy Important Questions and Answers. 

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Economics Chapter 2 Sectors of Indian Economy

Objective Type Questions 

Question 1. 
On the basis of economic activities the economy of a nation can be divided into- 
(a) Primary sector 
(b) Secondary sector
(c) Tertiary sector 
(d) All of the above 
Answer:
(d) All of the above 

Question 2. 
The economic activities included in primary sector-
(a) Agriculture 
(b) Dairy
(c) Fishing 
(d) All of the above. 
Answer:
(d) All of the above. 

Question 3. 
Which of the sector is not related to tertiary sector. 
(a) Banking 
(b) Agriculture
(c) Communication
(d) Transport 
Answer:
(b) Agriculture

Question 4. 
Industries are included in-
(a) Primary sector 
(b) Secondary sector
(c) Tertiary sector 
(d) Outer sector 
Answer:
(b) Secondary sector

Question 5. 
Which sector contributes maximum to the GDP of developed nations? 
(a) Primary sector 
(b) Secondary sector
(c) Tertiary sector 
(d) Investment sector. 
Answer:
(c) Tertiary sector

Question 6. 
What is the value of all final goods and services produced in a particular year within a country ? 
(a) Gross Domestic Product 
(b) Pure household products 
(c) Per capita income
(d) Gross domestic expenditure 
Answer:
(a) Gross Domestic Product 

Question 7. 
Which sector is the largest employer in India ? 
(a) Primary sector 
(b) Secondary sector 
(c) Tertiary sector 
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Primary sector

Question 8. 
Where is the under-employed mainly found ?
(a) In business 
(b) In agriculture
(c) In medicine 
(d) In engineering 
Answer:
(b) In agriculture

Question 9. 
Which of the following is an example of the private sector ? 
(a) Indian Railways 
(b) Post-office 
(c) Reliance Industries Limited
(d) All of the above 
Answer:
(c) Reliance Industries Limited

Question 10. 
When was the MGNREGA Act enacted ? 
(a) 1992
(b) 1996 
(c) 2002
(d) 2005
Answer:
(d) 2005

Fill in the blanks 

1. ....... sector helps in the development of other areas. 
2. The value of final goods already includes the value of all the .............. goods. 
3. In India about ............. per cent of the population belongs to the age group 5-29 years. 
4. Workers in the .................... sector enjoy security of employment. 
5. The unorganised sector is largely outside the control of ...................
Answer:
1. Tertiary 
2. intermediate 
3. 60 
4. organised 
5. government. 

Very Short Answer Type Questions 

Question 1. 
Which are final goods?
Answer:
Goods which are available for the use by the end users and do not require any further processing are called final goods.

Question 2. 
Name any two activities which are included in primary sector.
Answer:

1. Agriculture
2. Fishing.

Question 3. 
Write the names of any two services of tertiary sector.
Or 
Write any two activities included in tertiary sector.
Answer:

1. Communication
2. Banking.

Question 4. 
A bank manager would be included in which sector?
Answer:
In tertiary sector.

Question 5. 
Which sector contributes maximum in India's national income?
Answer:
Tertiary sector.

Question 6. 
In which sector ownership of assets and services are under government?
Answer:
Public sector.

Question 7. 
Give any one example of public sector of India.
Answer:
Indian Railways

Question 8. 
On the basis of work in how many parts the economy is divided?
Answer:
On the basis of work economy is divided in three parts.

• Primary sector
• Secondary sector
• Tertiary sector. 

Question 9. 
What is Primary Sector?
Or 
What do you understand by Primary Sector?
Answer:
It includes all those economic activities which are connected with extraction and production of natural resources. e.g. mining, agriculture, forestry, fishing etc.

Question 10. 
What do you understand by secondary sector?
Answer:
It includes all those activities which are concerned with the processing materials which have already been extracted at the primary stage. Example- manufacturing of steel from iron-ore etc.

Question 11. 
What do you understand by tertiary sector?
Answer:
It is concerned with providing support services to primary and secondary sector and includes transport, banking, insurance etc.

Question 12. 
Why is tertiary sector called service sector?
Answer:
Tertiary sector produces services inspite of goods that's why it is known as service sector.

Question 13. 
Which sector contributes maximum in the initial stages of development of any nation?
Answer:
Primary sector. 

Question 14. 
What is Gross Domestic Product?
Answer:
Gross domestic product is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year.

Question 15. 
Which sector's role is increased with increase in economic development?
Answer:
Service sector. 

Question 16. 
What are intermediate goods?
Answer:
Intermediate goods are those goods which are used to produce other goods.

Question 17. 
At present, which sector plays an important role in the employment of India?
Answer:
At present primary sector is the largest employment providing sector of India.

Question 18. 
Which sector contributes maximum in the G.D.P. of India?
Answer:
Service sector.

Question 19. 
What do you understand by open unemployment?
Answer:
Open unemployment is a situation when a person is able to work, willing to work but does not get work at existing wage rate.

Question 20. 
In which sector of India maximum disguised un-employment is found?
Answer:
In India maximum disguised unemployment is found in primary sector:

Question 21. 
List any two measures of increasing employment?
Answer:

1. Employment opportunities should be increased in primary sector.
2. Cottage and small scale industries should be increased in the country.

Question 22. 
How many sectors are there on the basis of ownership?
Answer:
On the basis of ownership sectors are divided into two parts

1. Public sector
2. Private sector

Question 23. 
What do you mean by organised sector?
Answer:
Organised sector is the sector where employment is regular and working hours are limited and it follows the rules and regulations of government.

Question 24. 
Write any two demerits of unorganised sector.
Answer:

1. There is no regularity of work. 
2. There is no provision of paid leaves and other emoluments. 

Question 25. 
What is the major objective of public sector?
Answer:
The major objective of public sector is to increase social welfare.

Question 26. 
What is the major objective of private sector?
Answer:
The major objective of private sector is to earn maximum profit.

Short Answer Type Questions (Type-I)

Question 1. 
Explain the role of primary sector in India.
Answer:
Primary sector plays an important role in providing employment in India. Even today maximum population is dependent on primary sector for employment. It provides employment to appear 54% population of the country. Primary sector supplies food to the nation. It is an important base for development of secondary and service sector. 

Question 2. 
Explain the secondary sector of any economy.
Answer:
Secondary sector includes all those activities which are concerned with the processing of materials which have already been extracted at the primary stage, e.g. converting sugarcane into sugar and jaggary. It is related with the industries so it is known as industrial sector.

Question 3. 
Are the three sectors of an economy inter-related?
Answer:
The three sectors of an economy are inter-related. The development of one sector depends on the other sector because every sector sells and purchases the goods and services from other sectors.

Question 4. 
Why are only final goods included in gross domestic product?
Answer:
In the estimation of gross domestic product, only the value of final goods and services are included because it eliminates the possibility of double counting. If intermediate goods are included in G.D.P. it leads to double counting.

Question 5. 
Is the contribution of tertiary sector to production in India increasing?
Answer:
In India for the last centuries the contribution of tertiary sector in production is increasing continuously. The contribution of service sector was about 48% in the year 1973-74 and in 2013-14 its contribution increased to 68% in gross domestic product.

Question 6. 
In which sector are maximum people employed in India?
Answer:
India is an agricultural country. Maximum of India's population lives in villages and maximum people are involved in activities of primary sector. In 2017-18, 44% of population was employed in primary sector.

Question 7. 
List out any two differences between organised and unorganised sector.
Answer:

1. Organised sector provides job security whereas there is no job security in unorganised sector. 
2. Organised sector is under the control of government whereas there is no control of government in unorganised sector.

Question 8. 
Explain any two points of importance of public sector in the economic development of the country.
Answer:

1. Public sector plays an important role in providing the infrastructural facilities to the nation.
2. Increased investment in public sector leads to rapid capital formation.

Question 9. 
Explain any two differences between public and private sector.
Answer:

1. Public sector is owned and controlled by government whereas private sector is owned and controlled by private individuals or companies.
2. The aim of public sector is to do social welfare whereas the aim of private sector is to earn profit.

Question 10. 
Differentiate between open unemployment and disguised unemployment.
Answer:

• In open unemployment people are without work whereas indisguised unemployment people have work but less than their capability.
• Open unemployment is found in urban areas whereas disguised unemployment is found in rural areas.

Question 11. 
What do you mean by tertiary sector?
Answer:
Tertiary sector includes all those activities which do not produce goods in itself but they are helpful in production process. This sector produces services inspite of goods. So this sector is also known as service sector.

Question 12. 
What do you mean by underemployment?
Answer:
Under employment is the situation in which person do not get work according to his capabilities. The person seems to be working but his contribution is less to production.

Question 13. 
Suggest two measures to reduce unemployment.
Answer:

1. Agro based industries should be setup in rural areas.
2. Infrastructure facilities like transport, banking, insurance, communication should be developed in the country so that agriculture and industrial sectors can develop.

Question 14. 
What do you understand by organised sector?
Answer:
Organised sector consists of those units in which people have assured work and terms of employment are clear, rules and regulations given in various laws are followed as they are registered under government arrangement.

Question 15. 
What do you understand by unorganised sector?
Answer:
Unorganised sector consists of small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. It is characterised by low-paid and insecure jobs. Workers do not get benefies like provident fund, gratuity, medical leave etc.

Short Answer Type Questions (Type-II)

Question 1. 
Explain any three characteristics of unorganised sector.
Or 
Explain the features of unorganised sector.
Answer:
The characteristics of unorganised sector are as follows:

1. In this sector production units are small and scattered.
2. There is no control of government on unorganised sector.
3. Labours are exploited by different ways in unorganised sector.
4. Employment is irregular and less wages are given to labourers.
5. Rules for protection of labours are not followed in unorganised sector.

Question 2. 
List out any two characteristics of unorganised sector. Write down the various measures to protect the unorganised labourers.
Answer:
Features:

1. Unorganised sector units are small in size and they are out of government control.
2. Labourers are paid less wages and employment is irregular. 

Measures to Protect Labourers:

• Government should make rules and regulations for unorganised sector.
• People should work on those places where work is regular, job security and timely payment facility is available.
• Government should increase in public facilities for the people working in this sector.
• Government should develop small scale and cottage industries.
• Government should strictly follow the rules and regulations for the betterment of this sector.

Question 3. 
How does tertiary sector help in the development of primary and secondary sector? Explain with the help of example.
Answer:
Tertiary sector provides many services for primary and secondary sector and contributes in their development. Tertiary sector helps primary and secondary sector in the following ways-

• It provides transport services for the produced goods to sell in the market.
• It is helpful in providing services to produced goods for storage purposes.
• It provides communication services for production and business.
• It provides banking services to primary and secondary sectors.
• It provides many commercial services to primary and secondary sector, e.g. transport, storage, communication, bank services etc.

Question 4. 
What do you mean by disguised unemployment? Explain those methods which are helpful in reducing unemployment and which can create employment opportunities.
Or 
What is meant by disguised unemployment? Give any two suggestions to reduce it.
Answer:
Disguised unemployment is a situation where the marginal productivity of labour is zero. The person seems to be working but when he removed from work there is not any reduction in total production. It is also known as under employment. Measures to Remove Under Employment

1. Banks should provide loans at low rates of interest so that people can set up their own business.
2. There should be increase in industries and services in semi-rural areas.
3. There should be cold-storage facilities for farmers to store their productions.
4. New employment opportunities should be increased in rural areas.
5. Employment programmes should be extended in rural areas.
6. Public sector should be extended so that employment opportunities can be created.

Question 5. 
“Public sector contributes to the economic development of the country”. Explain.
Answer:

• Through Public sector government develops infrastructure facilities by constructing roads, railways, bridges, dams etc. and contributes in irrigation field.
• Public sector contributes in economic development by investing in public welfare programmes.
• Many social welfare programmes are run by public sector which are helpful in the development of nation.
• Public sector provides help in reducing poverty and unemployment.
• There is a heavy capital investment in public sector which increases the rate of capital formation.

Question 6. 
Which economic sector in India is most suffered with the problem of under employment? Explain with reasons.
Answer:
Under employment conditions are found in primary sector. Following are the main reasons-

• Agriculture in India is a seasonal activity, it is related with only few months, so it creates a situation of under employment.
• All the members of the family are involved in agriculture work. Every one is doing some work but no body is fully employed.
• Maximum population of the country lives in villages but employment opportunities are very rare in rural areas so under employment is more found in rural areas.
• Due to lack of alternative employment opportunities people are engaged in agricultural activities so situation of under-employment grows.

Question 7. 
Explain the various ways of increasing employment opportunities in the country.
Answer:
The following method can create extra employment opportunities in the country-

• Employment opportunities can be created through the development of agriculture sector.
• There should be development of agriculture and allied activities.
• Small and cottage industries should be developed.
• More investment should be there in industrial sector.
• Government should develop the public sector so that employment opportunities can be created. 
• Infrastructures facilities should be developed in the country so that agricultural and industrial sector can develop.
• Investment should be increased in private sector. 

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. 
Discuss the various sectors of an economy on the basis of economic activities.
Or 
Explain the following-
(1) Primary sector
(2) Secondary sector
(3) Tertiary Sector.
Answer:
On the basis of economic activities an economy can be divided into three sectors-
(1) Primary Sector- Primary sector depends on nature. When we use natural resources to produce goods, it is called an activity of primary sector. This sector include agriculture, animal rearing, dairy, fishing, forestry etc. This sector plays an important role in providing employment in Indian economy.

(2) Secondary Sector- Secondary sector includes all those activities with the processing materials which have already been extracted at the primary stage. This process can be operated from a factory or from a house. This sector is related with various industries so it is also called industrial sector.

(3) Tertiary Sector- It includes all those activities which do not produce any goods but provide support services to primary and secondary sector. This sector is also called service sector. This sector includes transport, storage, communication, banking, finance etc. At present with the development the contribution of service sector is increasing in the economy of the country.

Question 2. 
What do you understand by unemployment and under employment? Suggest measures to remove unemployment from Indian economy.
Answer:
Unemployment- Unemployment is a situation when a person is willing to work, able to work and does not get work at existing wages rate.
Under Employment- It is a situation when a person does not get a work according to his capabilities. He seems to be working but his contribution to production is very less. Disguised unemployment in agriculture is an example of this.

Measures to Remove Unemployment- Unemployment is a grave concern to India. Following measures can be taken to remove unemployment

• New opportunities of employment should be created in primary sector so that disguised unemployment can be removed.
• Irrigation facilities, storage, finance and distribution facilities should be developed in agriculture sector.
• Small and cottage industries should be developed in rural areas.
• Infrastructures facilities like transport, communication, banking etc. should be developed so that agriculture and industries can be developed:
• Public sector should be increased in rural areas.
• Education should be employment oriented and there should be extension of educational and employment opportunities.
• There should be extension of employment increasing programmes and proper implementation should be taken place.
• Investment should be increased in public sector.
• Other alternative employment opportunities should be increased.
• People should be encouraged for self employment.

Question 3. 
How are economic activities classified on the basis of employment opportunities?
Or 
Explain organised and unorganised sectors. How can labour be protected in an unorganised sector?
Answer:
On the basis of employment opportunities economic activities are divided into two sectors-

1. Organised sector
2. Unorganised sector.

(1) Organised Sector- It includes all those places or industries where employment is regular. People have regular work. This sector is under the control of government. Government rules and regulations are followed in this sector. Workers get many facilities during the work and after retirement.

(2) Unorganised Sector- It includes small and scattered business units which are not under the control of government. Government rules and regulations are not followed, labour are exploited in many ways. They are not provided paid leaves and no regularity of job is there. No other facility is provided to labourers.

Protection of Labourers in Unorganised sector-

• Extension of Facilities in Rural Areas- Finance, banking, education, health and marketing facilities should be provided to rural areas.
• Protection of Small and Cottage Industries- To develop cottage and small industries these should be protected by government.
• Upliftment of Backward Sections- People of backward sections are working in unorganised sector so government should take special initiatives for their upliftment.
• Extension of Social Facilities- Government should provide public facilities in unorganised sector rapidly.
• Implementation of rules and regulations should be followed by government.

Question 4. 
Classify the sectors on the basis of ownership.
Or
Explain the following-
(1) Public sector
(2) Private sector.
Answer:
Classification of Sectors on the Basis of Ownership-On the basis of ownership the economy can be classified into two parts-
(1) Public Sector- In the public sector government owns most of the assets and provides all the services. For example- Indian railways, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited, State Bank of India, Rajasthan roadways etc. The main aim of public sector is to do the social welfare and raise the living standard of the people.

Government provides many services to the public and do special efforts for the upliftment of poor sector. Government arrange resources for this expenditure through taxes and other means.

(2) Private Sector- In the private sector ownership of assets and delivery of services is in the hands of private individuals or companies. The main aim of private sector is to earn profit. In a country like India where government do not have enough financial resources there, the role of private sector becomes very important. Maximum population in India is working in private sector. The role of private sector is increasing day by day.