RBSE Solutions for Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations

Rajasthan Board RBSE Solutions for Class 7 Social Science  History Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

RBSE Class 7 Social Science Solutions History Chapter 10 Eighteenth Century Political Formations

RBSE Class 7 Social Science Eighteenth Century Political Formations InText Questions and Answers

Page 139

Question 1.
See chapter 4, Table 1 (Refer Page 48-49, textbook), which group of people challenged Mughal authority for the longest time in Aurangzeb’s reign?
Answer: 
Marathas challenged Mughal authority for the longest time in Aurangzeb’s reign. The Maratha empire grew between 1720 and 1761.

Page 144

Question 2.
In trying to consolidate their rule, why did Mughal Subadars also want to control the office of Diwan?
Answer: 
They wanted to control the office of Diwan to reduce the influence of Mughals.

 

Page 148

Question 3.
What is the Khalsa? Do you recall reading about it in chapter 8?
Answer: 
The Sikhs organised themselves in groups known as jathas and misls, and their combined army was called the Dal Khalsa. Yes, we have read about them in chapter 8.

RBSE Class 7 Social Science Eighteenth Century Political Formations Textbook Questions and Answers

Imagine 

Question 1.
You are a ruler of an eighteenth century kingdom. Tell us about the steps you would take to make your position strong in your province, and what opposition or problemsyou might face while doing so.
Answer: 
Steps to be taken to make the position strong are as follows:

1. Keep and watch the record of resources.
2. Check financial and military resources.
3. Control on officials like xnansabdars.
4. Nobles will not be appointed for tax collection of revenue. It will be done on personal basis. 

Problems:

1. Problem from nobles governors, mansabdars, etc.
2. Farmers also create problem while paying revenue.

Let’s recall

Question 1.
Match the following:

1. Subadar	(a) a revenue farmer
2. Faujdar	(b) a high noble
3. Ijaradar	(c) provincial governor
4. Misl	(d) Maratha peasant warriors
5. Chauth	(e) a Mughal military commander
6. Kunbis	(f) a band of Sikh warriors
7. Umara	(g) tax levied by the Marathas

Answer:

1. Subadar	(c) provincial governor
2. Faujdar	(e) a Mughal military commander
3. Ijaradar	(a) a revenue farmer
4. Misl	(f) a band of Sikh warriors
5. Chauth	(g) tax levied by the Marathas
6. Kunbis	(d) Maratha peasant warriors
7. Umara	(b) a high noble

 

Question 3. 
Fill in the blanks:
(a) Aurangzeb fought a protracted war in the ..............  
Answer:
Deccan

(b) Umara and jagirdars constituted powerful sections of the Mughal ..............   
Answer: 
nobility (administration)

(c) Asaf Jah founded the Hyderbad state .............. in 
Answer:
1724

(d) The founder of the Awadh state was ..............
Answer:
Burhan-ul - Mulk Sa’adat Khan.

Question 4. 
State whether true or false:
(a) Nadir Shah invaded Bengal.
Answer:
False

(b) Sawai Raja Jai Singh was the ruler of Indore. 
Answer:
False

(c) Guru Gobind Singh was the tenth Guru of the Sikhs.
Answer:
True

(d) Poohd Became the capital of the Marathas in the eighteenth century.
Answer: 
True

Question 5. 
What were the offices held by Sa’adat Khan?
Answer: 
Offices held by Sa’adat Khan were subadari, faujdari and diwani. He was responsible for managing political, military and financial' affairs.

Let’s discuss

Question 6. 
Why did the Nawab of Awadh and Bengal try to do away with the Jagirdari system?
Answer: 
Nawab of Awadh and Bengal tried to do away with jagirdari system because of the following reasons:

1. They wanted to reduce the influence of the Mughals in their kingdom.
2. They were suspicious of this system.
3. They wanted to remove Jagirdari and introduce Ijaradari system.
4. They wanted to receive land against loans and by this they expanded their influence.
5. The Jagirdars, appointed at the time of Mughals were corrupt, so to reduce the size of jagirs they appointed their own loyal servants.

Question 7. 
How were the Sikhs organised in the eighteenth century?
Answer: 
In eighteenth century, Sikhs organised themselves into a number of bands called Jathas, later called Misls. Their combined forces were known as Dal Khalsa. The Sikhs under the Khalsa declared their sovereign rule and extended their territories from Indus to Yamuna. The entire body used to meet at Amritsar at the time of Baisakhi and Diwali to take collective decision. Guru Gobind Singh instituted Khalsa that helped the Sikhs to fight battles. 

Question 8. 
Why did the Marathas want to expand beyond the Deccan?
Answer: 
Marathas wanted to expand beyond Deccan because of the following reasons:

1. To reduce the influenceof the Mughals.
2. To be recognised as tHe overlords of the Deccan plateau.
3. To possess the right to collect chauth and sardeshmukhi in the entire region.

Question 9. 
What were the policies adopted by Asaf Jah to strengthen his position?
Answer: 
After becoming governor of Deccan Asaf Jah took some important steps to strengthen his position. The following policies were adopted:

1. He brought skilled soldiers and administrators from northern India who welcomed the new opportunities in the south.
2. He appointed mansabdars and granted jagirs.
3. He worked independently without seeking any direction from the Mughal Emperor. He gathered power by taking advantage of the turmoil in the Deccan.

Question 10. 
Do you think merchants and bankers today have the kind of influence they had in the eighteenth century?
Answer: 
We think today merchants and bankers do not have kind of influence they had in the eighteenth century because of the following reasons:

1. People are educated and aware.
2. There are various rules and regula-tions regarding loan process.
3. Various government agencies are working in this field.

Question 11.
Did any of the kingdoms mentioned in this chapter develop in your state? If so, ip what ways do you think life in the state would have been different in the eighteenth century from what it is in the twenty first century?
Answer: 
Students need to do it themselves.