RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Popular Struggles and Movements

Rajasthan Board RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 5 Popular Struggles and Movements Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 5 Popular Struggles and Movements

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Popular Struggles and Movements InText Questions and Answers

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Question 1. 
Are you suggesting that strike, dharna, bandh and demonstration are good for democracy?
Answer:
Strike, dharna, bandh and demonstration are done to protest or support certain routes. They are allowed only where democracy is running well and working. Through them, people can make their proper demands and protest against unfair decisions.
Therefore, things like strike, dharna, bandh and demonstration are good for democracy. 

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Question 2. 
Does it mean that whichever side manages to mobilise a bigger crowd gets away with whatever it wants? Are we saying that Might is Right' in a democracy? 
Answer:
Democracy does not mean “might is right' because it is based on people's choice. Unjust demand of crowd can't be fulfilled by government. It is free to reject it. Only those movements can affect governmental policies whose demands are just. 

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Question 3. 
The Green Belt Movement has planted 30 million trees across Kenya. Its leader Wangari Maathai is very disappointed with the response of government officials and politicians :
"In the 1970s and 1980s, as I was encouraging farmers to plant trees on their land, I also discovered that corrupt government agents were responsible for much of the deforestation by illegally selling off land and trees to well-connected deve-lopers. In the early 1990's, the livelihoods, the rights and even the lives of many Ken-yans in the Rift Valley were lost when elem-ents of President Daniel Arap Moi's gover-nment encouraged ethnic communities to attack one another over land. Supporters of the ruling party got the land, while those in the pro democracy movement were displaced. This was one of the government's ways of retaining power; if communities were kept busy fighting over land, they would have less opportunity to demand democracy.”
In the above passage what relationship do you see between democracy and social movements? How should this movement respond to the government?
Answer:
In this above passage there is positive relation between democracy and social movement. This movement should be against government, because it was the way of government to retain power if communities were kept busy fighting over land.

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Popular Struggles and Movements Textbook Questions and Answers 

Question 1. 
In what ways do pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics? 
Answer:
Pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics in following ways-

• Through Means of Publicity: Pressure groups and movements try to gain public support and sympathy for their goals and their activity by carrying out information campaigns, organising meetings, file petitions etc. Most of these groups try to in fluence the media into giving more attention to these issues.
• Strikes: They often organise protest activity like strike or disrupting government programmes.
• Lobbying: Business groups often employ professional lobbyists or sponsor expensive advertisements.

Question 2. 
Describe the forms of relationship between pressure groups and political parties.
Answer:
The relationship between political parties and pressure groups can take different forms-

• In some instances the pressure groups are either formed or led by the leaders of political parties or act as extended arms of political parties. For example-most trade unions and students organisations.
• Sometimes political parties grow out of movements. For example-when the Assam movement led by students against the foreigner's came to an end, it led to the formation of the Asom, Gana Parishad. For example-The roots of parties like the DMK and the AIADMK have drawn in Tamil Nadu during 1930 and 1940s.
• Movement groups have raised new issues that have been taken up by political parties. Most of the new leadership of political parties comes from interest or movement groups.

Question 3. 
Explain how the activities of pressure groups are useful in the functioning of a democratic government.
Answer:

• Governments can often come under undue pressure from a small group of rich and powerful people. Public interest groups and movements remind the government of the needs and concerns of ordinary citizens.
• Pressure groups and movements do deepened democracy. They help in making laws by giving true information.
• Pressure groups and movement groups do balancing act. If one group brings pressure on government to make policies in its favoure another will bring counter pressure not to make policies in the way the first group desires. This leads to a rough balance of power and accommodation of conflicting interests.

Question 4. 
What is a pressure group? Give a few examples.
Answer:
When people with common occupation, interest, aspirations or opinions come together in order to achieve a common objective is known as pressure group. For example- Trade unions, business associations and professional bodies etc.

Question 5. 
What is the difference between a pressure group and a political party?
Answer:
Difference Between Political Parties and Pressure Groups- (1) Pressure groups tend to influence governmental policies, These are formed by the people with common occupation, interest and objective. On the other hand political parties attains power by contesting elections.
(2) Political party is a political organisation. This is accountable to public, while pressure group is non-political organisation which is not accountable to people.

Question 6. 
Organisations that undertake: activities to promote the interests of specific social sections such as workers, employees, teachers and lawyers are called .............. groups. 
Answer:
Sectional interest.

Question 7. 
Which among the following is the special feature that distinguishes a pressure group from a political party? 
Answer:
(a) Parties take political stances, while pressure groups do not bother about political issues. 
(b) Pressure groups are confined to a few people, while parties involve larger number of people.
(c) Pressure groups do not scck to get into power, while political parties do. 
(d) Pressure groups do not seek to mobilise people, while partics. 
Answer:
(c) Pressure groups do not seck to get into power, while political parties do.

Question 8. 
Match List-I (organisations and struggles) with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists : 

Answer:
(b) C, D, A, B

Question 9. 
Match List-I with List-11 and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists : List-1

Answer:
(a) D, C, A, B

Question 10. 
Consider the following statements about pressure groups and parties. 
Answer:
A. Pressure groups are the organised expression of the interests and views of specific social sections. 
B. Pressure groups tako positions on political issues. 
C. All pressure groups are political parties.
Which of the statements given above are correct? 
(a) A, B, and C 
(b) A and B 
(c) B and C
(d) A and C 
Answer:
(b) A and B.

Question 11. 
Mewut is one of the most backward areas in Haryana. It used to be a part of district, Gurgaon and Faridabad. The people of Mewat felt that the area will get better attention if it were to become a separate district. But political parties were indifferent to this sentiment. The demand for a separate district was raised by Mewat Educational and Social Organisation and Mewat Saksharta Samiti in 1996. Later Mewat Vikas Sabha was founded in 2000 and carried out a series of public awareness campaigns. This forced both the major parties, Congress and the Indian National Lok Dal, to announce their support for the new district before the assembly elections held in February 2005. The new district came into existence in July 2005.
In this example what is the relationship that you observe among movement, political parties and the government? Can you think of an example that shows a relationship different from this one?
Answer:
When any social movement raises its voice and demands for people's interest, all the political parties give their support to such movements. In this situation government is pressurised to accept the demands of these movements.

This example shows that there is a positive relationship among movement, political parties and government with reference to public welfare. Narmada Bachao Andolan is such an example: It has acquired a big public support. But government is not accepting the demand because there are different views of political parties over